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首页> 外文期刊>Parasitology >Heritability and short-term effects of inbreeding in the progenetic trematode Coitocaecum parvum: is there a need for the definitive host?
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Heritability and short-term effects of inbreeding in the progenetic trematode Coitocaecum parvum: is there a need for the definitive host?

机译：近亲吸虫小种Coitocaecum parvum中的遗传力和近亲的短期效应：是否需要确定的寄主？

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SUMMARY: Self-fertilization (or selfing), defined as the fusion of male and female reproductive cells originating from the same individual, is the most extreme case of inbreeding. Although most hermaphroditic organisms are in principle able to self-fertilize, this reproductive strategy is commonly associated with a major disadvantage: inbreeding depression. Deleterious effects due to the loss of genetic diversity have been documented in numerous organisms including parasites. Here we studied the effects of inbreeding depression on the offspring of the progenetic trematode Coitocaecum parvum. The parasite can use 2 alternative life-history strategies: either it matures early, via progenesis, and produces eggs by selfing in its second intermediate host, or it waits and reproduces by out-crossing in its definitive host. We measured various key parameters of parasite fitness (i.e. hatching and multiplication rates, infectivity, survival) in offspring produced by both selfing and out-crossing. Altogether, we found no significant difference in the fitness of offspring from progenetic (selfing) and adult (out-crossing) parents. In addition, we found no evidence that either strategy (progenesis or the normal three-host cycle) is heritable, i.e. the strategy adopted by offspring is independent of that used by their parents. Although it is unclear why both reproductive strategies are maintained in C. parvum populations, our conclusion is that producing eggs by selfing has few, if any, negative effects on parasite offspring. Inbreeding depression is unlikely to be a factor acting on the maintenance of the normal three-host life cycle, and thus out-crossing, in C. parvum populations.
机译：简介：自体受精（或自交）是近亲繁殖中最极端的情况，自体受精是指源自同一个体的雄性和雌性生殖细胞的融合。尽管大多数雌雄同体的生物体原则上都能够自我受精，但这种繁殖策略通常伴随着一个主要缺点：近亲抑郁。由于遗传多样性丧失而造成的有害影响已在包括寄生虫在内的许多生物中得到了证明。在这里，我们研究了近交性抑郁对后代吸虫小食Coitocaecum parvum的影响。寄生虫可以使用2种替代的生命史策略：要么通过生殖发育早熟，要么通过在其第二个中间宿主中自交而产卵，要么通过在其最终宿主中杂交而等待并繁殖。我们测量了自交和异源杂交产生的后代的各种寄生虫适应度的关键参数（即孵化率和繁殖率，传染性，存活率）。总体而言，我们发现后代（自交）和成年（异交）父母的后代适应性没有显着差异。另外，我们没有发现任何证据表明该策略（生殖或正常的三宿主周期）是可遗传的，即后代采用的策略独立于父母所采用的策略。尽管尚不清楚为什么在小球藻种群中同时维持两种繁殖策略，但我们的结论是，通过自交产生卵对寄生虫后代的负面影响很小（如果有的话）。近亲繁殖的抑郁不太可能是维持正常的三宿主生命周期的因素，因此在小球藻种群中不相交。

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