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首页> 外文期刊>Parasitology >Spatial analysis of Leishmania donovani exposure in humans and domestic animals in a recent kala azar focus in Nepal.
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Spatial analysis of Leishmania donovani exposure in humans and domestic animals in a recent kala azar focus in Nepal.

机译：尼泊尔最近一次黑热病集中关注人和家畜的利什曼原虫多诺万尼暴露的空间分析。

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SUMMARY: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a major public health problem in the Indian subcontinent where the Leishmania donovani transmission cycle is described as anthroponotic. However, the role of animals (in particular domestic animals) in the persistence and expansion of VL is still a matter of debate. We combined Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) results in humans and domestic animals with Geographic Information System technology (i.e. extraction maps and scan statistic) to evaluate the exposure to L. donovani on these 2 populations in a recent VL focus in Nepal. A Poisson regression model was used to assess the risk of infection in humans associated with, among other factors, the proportion of DAT-positive animals in the proximities of the household. The serological results showed that both humans and domestic animals were exposed to L. donovani. DAT-positive animals and humans were spatially clustered. The presence of serologically positive goats (IRR=9.71), past VL cases (IRR=2.62) and the proximity to a forest island dividing the study area (IRR=3.67) increased the risk of being DAT-positive in humans. Even if they are not a reservoir, domestic animals, and specially goats, may play a role in the distribution of L. donovani, in particular in this new VL focus.
机译：摘要：内脏利什曼病（VL）是印度次大陆的一个主要公共卫生问题，在该地区，利什曼原虫的传播周期被描述为人类疾病。但是，动物（特别是家畜）在VL的持久性和扩展中的作用仍是一个有争议的问题。我们将人类和家畜的直接凝集试验（DAT）结果与地理信息系统技术（即提取图和扫描统计量）相结合，以评估尼泊尔最近的VL集中在这两个种群上的多诺尼乳杆菌的暴露情况。使用Poisson回归模型评估与其他因素相关的人类感染风险，其中包括DAT阳性动物在家庭附近的比例。血清学结果表明，人和家畜都暴露于多诺氏乳杆菌。 DAT阳性动物和人类在空间上聚集。血清学阳性的山羊（IRR = 9.71），过去的VL病例（IRR = 2.62）以及靠近划分研究区域的森林岛（IRR = 3.67）的存在增加了人类DAT阳性的风险。即使它们不是水库，家畜，特别是山羊，也可能在多诺氏乳杆菌的分布中发挥作用，尤其是在这种新的VL聚焦中。

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