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Climatological evaporation seasonality in the northern Red Sea

机译：红海北部的气候蒸发季节性

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摘要

The dynamic and thermodynamic processes that underlie the exceptionally high evaporation over the northern Red Sea are examined. Through a combination of data analysis and a simple numerical model we show that the key boundary layer dehumidifier is ageostrophic cross-channel sea breezes. This circulation develops semidiurnally in response to thermal gradients across the Red Sea's coasts because of disparate land-ocean heat capacities. During the summer day the thermally induced high-pressure center over the Red Sea axis results in near-surface flows from the Red Sea toward the neighboring deserts. The strong divergence associated with these flows is maximized along the Red Sea axis and is accompanied by strong subsidence that suppresses boundary layer relative humidity by both reducing specific humidity and increasing temperatures. Because the summer nighttime reversed thermal gradients are smaller in magnitude, the daytime circulation dominates over the nighttime in summer and thus dominates over the daily and seasonal means. Following similar reasoning, we also devise a winter dehumidifier. We conclude by advancing a simple means of estimating Red Sea evaporation under diverse paleoinsolation regimes, and we show small but clear evaporation changes during the course of the Holocene. Our estimates represent lower bounds, and we plan to refine them in follow-up work.
机译：研究了北红海异常高蒸发的基础的动力学和热力学过程。通过数据分析和简单的数值模型的组合，我们表明关键的边界层除湿机是陈腐的跨通道海风。由于不同的陆地-海洋热容，这种循环响应于红海沿岸的温度梯度半日发展。在夏季，红海轴上的热感应高压中心导致从红海流向邻近沙漠的近地表水流。与这些水流相关的强烈分叉沿红海轴最大化，并伴随着强烈的沉降，该沉降通过降低比湿度和升高温度来抑制边界层的相对湿度。由于夏季夜间反向热梯度的幅度较小，因此白天的循环在夏季的夜间占主导地位，因此在日常和季节性手段中占主导地位。按照类似的推理，我们还设计了一种冬季除湿机。我们通过提出一种简单的方法来估计在不同的古日照条件下的红海蒸发量，得出结论，并且在全新世过程中，我们显示出很小但清晰的蒸发量变化。我们的估算值代表下限，我们计划在后续工作中对其进行完善。

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