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Metal enrichment in the Fermi bubbles as a probe of their origin

机译：费米气泡中的金属富集作为其起源的探针

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The Fermi bubbles are gigantic gamma-ray structures in our Galaxy. The physical origin of the bubbles is still under debate. The leading scenarios can be divided into two categories. One is nuclear star-forming activity similar to extragalactic starburst galaxies and the other is past active galactic nucleus (AGN)-like activity of the Galactic center supermassive black hole. In this letter, we propose that metal abundance measurements will provide an important clue to probe their origin. Based on a simple spherically symmetric bubble model, we find that the generated metallicity and abundance patterns of the bubbles' gas strongly depend on assumed star formation or AGN activities. Star formation scenarios predict higher metallicities and abundance ratios of [O/Fe] and [Ne/Fe] than AGN scenarios do because of supernovae ejecta. Furthermore, the resultant abundance depends on the gamma-ray emission process because different mass injection histories are required for the different gamma-ray emission processes due to the acceleration and cooling time scales of non-thermal particles. Future X-ray missions such as ASTRO-H and Athena will give a clue to probe the origin of the bubbles through abundance measurements with their high energy resolution instruments.
机译：费米气泡是我们银河系中巨大的伽马射线结构。气泡的物理起源仍在争论中。领先方案可以分为两类。一种是类似于银河系外爆发星系的核恒星形成活动，另一种是过去银河系中心超大质量黑洞的活跃星系核（AGN）状活动。在这封信中，我们建议金属丰度测量将为探测其来源提供重要线索。基于简单的球对称气泡模型，我们发现气泡气体的生成的金属性和丰度模式很大程度上取决于假定的恒星形成或AGN活动。由于超新星喷射，恒星形成情景比AGN情景预测的[O / Fe]和[Ne / Fe]金属度和丰度比更高。此外，由于非热粒子的加速和冷却时间尺度，对于不同的伽马射线发射过程需要不同的质量注入历史，因此所得的丰度取决于伽马射线的发射过程。诸如ASTRO-H和Athena之类的未来X射线任务将提供线索，通过其高能分辨率仪器通过丰度测量来探测气泡的起源。

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