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首页> 外文期刊>Pediatrics: Official Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics >Meningococcal conjugate vaccines policy update: booster dose recommendations.
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Meningococcal conjugate vaccines policy update: booster dose recommendations.

机译：脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗政策更新：加强剂量建议。

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摘要

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy of Pediatrics approved updated recommendations for the use of quadravalent (serogroups A, C, W-135, and Y) meningococcal conjugate vaccines (Menactra [Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA] and Menveo [Novartis, Basel, Switzerland]) in adolescents and in people at persistent high risk of meningococcal disease. The recommendations supplement previous Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations for meningococcal vaccinations. Data were reviewed pertaining to immunogenicity in high-risk groups, bactericidal antibody persistence after immunization, current epidemiology of meningococcal disease, meningococcal conjugate vaccine effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of different strategies for vaccination of adolescents. This review prompted the following recommendations: (1) adolescents should be routinely immunized at 11 through 12 years of age and given a booster dose at 16 years of age; (2) adolescents who received their first dose at age 13 through 15 years should receive a booster at age 16 through 18 years or up to 5 years after their first dose; (3) adolescents who receive their first dose of meningococcal conjugate vaccine at or after 16 years of age do not need a booster dose; (4) a 2-dose primary series should be administered 2 months apart for those who are at increased risk of invasive meningococcal disease because of persistent complement component (eg, C5-C9, properdin, factor H, or factor D) deficiency (9 months through 54 years of age) or functional or anatomic asplenia (2-54 years of age) and for adolescents with HIV infection; and (5) a booster dose should be given 3 years after the primary series if the primary 2-dose series was given from 2 through 6 years of age and every 5 years for persons whose 2-dose primary series or booster dose was given at 7 years of age or older who are at risk of invasive meningococcal disease because of persistent component (eg, C5-C9, properdin, factor H, or factor D) deficiency or functional or anatomic asplenia.
机译：疾病控制与预防中心和美国儿科学会免疫实践咨询委员会批准了使用四价（A，C，W-135和Y型血清型）脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗的最新建议（Menactra [Sanofi Pasteur，青少年和处于持续高发性脑膜炎球菌疾病风险的人群中的宾夕法尼亚州的Swiftwater和宾夕法尼亚州的Menveo [Novartis，瑞士巴塞尔]。这些建议补充了先前的免疫实践咨询委员会和美国儿科学会关于脑膜炎球菌疫苗的建议。审查了有关高危人群的免疫原性，免疫后杀菌抗体的持久性，脑膜炎球菌疾病的当前流行病学，脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗的有效性以及青少年疫苗接种不同策略的成本效益的数据。这项审查提出了以下建议：（1）青少年应在11至12岁时进行常规免疫，并在16岁时给予加强剂量; （2）在13至15岁时接受首次服药的青少年，应在16至18岁时或在首次服药后的5年内接受加强免疫; （3）在16岁或16岁以后首次接种脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗的青少年不需要加强剂量; （4）对于因持续补体成分（例如C5-C9，备解素，H因子或D因子）缺乏而导致浸润性脑膜炎球菌病风险增加的患者，应每隔2个月服用2剂量的主要药物系列（9直至54岁以下的几个月）或功能性或解剖性无力（2-54岁），以及感染HIV的青少年; （5）如果初次2剂量系列是从2至6岁开始服用的，则应在初次系列3年后给予加强剂量;对于初次服用2剂量的初次系列或加强剂量的人，应每5年服用一次因持续性成分（例如C5-C9，备解素，H因子或D因子）缺乏或功能性或解剖性无力而有侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病风险的7岁或更大年龄。

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