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首页> 外文期刊>Pediatrics: Official Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics >Prenatal and passive smoke exposure and incidence of asthma and wheeze: Systematic review and meta-analysis
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Prenatal and passive smoke exposure and incidence of asthma and wheeze: Systematic review and meta-analysis

机译：产前和被动吸烟以及哮喘和喘息的发生：系统评价和荟萃分析

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OBJECTIVES: Exposure to passive smoke is a common and avoidable risk factor for wheeze and asthma in children. Substantial growth in the prospective cohort study evidence base provides an opportunity to generate new and more detailed estimates of the magnitude of the effect. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to provide estimates of the prospective effect of smoking by parents or household members on the risk of wheeze and asthma at different stages of childhood. METHODS: We systematically searched Medline, Embase, and conference abstracts to identify cohort studies of the incidence of asthma or wheeze in relation to exposure to prenatal or postnatal maternal, paternal, or household smoking in subjects aged up to 18 years old. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by using random effects model. RESULTS: We identified 79 prospective studies. Exposure to pre- or postnatal passive smoke exposure was associated with a 30% to 70% increased risk of incident wheezing (strongest effect from postnatal maternal smoking on wheeze in children aged ≤2 years, OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.24-2.35, 4 studies) and a 21% to 85% increase in incident asthma (strongest effect from prenatal maternal smoking on asthma in children aged ≤2 years, OR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.35-2.53, 5 studies). CONCLUSIONS: Building upon previous findings, exposure to passive smoking increases the incidence of wheeze and asthma in children and young people by at least 20%. Preventing parental smoking is crucially important to the prevention of asthma.
机译：目标：被动吸烟是儿童喘息和哮喘的常见且可避免的危险因素。前瞻性队列研究证据库的显着增长提供了一个机会，可以对影响的程度进行新的更详细的估计。进行了系统的回顾和荟萃分析，以估计父母或家庭成员在儿童期不同阶段吸烟对喘息和哮喘风险的预期影响。方法：我们系统地检索了Medline，Embase和会议摘要，以鉴定与18岁以下受试者在产前或产后孕妇，父亲或家庭中吸烟有关的哮喘或喘息发病率的队列研究。使用随机效应模型估计具有95％置信区间（CI）的合并比值比（OR）。结果：我们确定了79项前瞻性研究。暴露于产前或产后被动吸烟与患喘息的风险增加30％至70％有关（≤2岁的儿童，产后吸烟对喘息的影响最大，OR = 1.70，95％CI = 1.24-2.35 ，4项研究）和哮喘发作增加21％至85％（产前吸烟对≤2岁儿童的哮喘影响最大，OR = 1.85，95％CI = 1.35-2.53，5项研究）。结论：根据以前的发现，被动吸烟会增加儿童和年轻人喘息和哮喘的发生率至少20％。预防父母吸烟对预防哮喘至关重要。

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