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首页> 外文期刊>Pediatrics: Official Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics >The incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis after introducing standardized feeding schedules for infants between 1250 and 2500 grams and less than 35 weeks of gestation.
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The incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis after introducing standardized feeding schedules for infants between 1250 and 2500 grams and less than 35 weeks of gestation.

机译：在为1250至2500克之间且妊娠少于35周的婴儿引入标准化喂养计划后，坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生率。

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OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) after implementing standardized feeding schedules. METHOD. This was a cohort study, which retrospectively reviewed the incidence of NEC for a 3-year period before implementing feeding schedules and prospectively evaluated the incidence of NEC for a 3-year period after implementing feeding schedules in infants with birth weights between 1250 and 2500 g and <35 weeks' gestation. The feeding schedules were comprised of 3 parts. First, no group was fed within the first 24 hours of life. Feeds were started between 24 to 72 hours of life based on birth weight. Second, the initial feed was full-strength breast milk or half-strength formula. Half-strength formula was changed to full-strength formula on the fourth day for all groups. Third, the daily feeding volume increase was no greater than 20 mL/kg for all groups. RESULTS. In the 477 infants before the feeding schedules, there were 23 (4.8%) cases of definite NEC defined as pneumatosis on abdominal film or NEC confirmed at the time of surgery, and in the 466 infants after the feeding schedules, there were 5 (1.1%) cases of NEC. Before the feeding schedules, those who developed NEC started feeds sooner 1.5 +/- 1.5 (+/- standard deviation [SD]) days versus 3.0 +/-.7 (+/-SD) days, reached full feeds sooner 4.0 +/- 1.8 (+/- SD) days versus 9.8 +/-.5 (+/-SD) days and were more likely to have been started on formula than those who developed NEC after implementing the feeding schedules. The mean time for NEC to occur after the feeding schedules increased from 5.9 +/- 4.1 (+/-SD) days to 19.4 +/- 16.3 (+/- SD) days, although not statistically significant. The number of mothers who received prenatal steroids increased after the feeding schedules. The number of infants with NEC, however, significantly decreased whether their mothers were pretreated with steroids. The risk of NEC was reduced 84% after the introduction of feeding schedules as determined by multiple logistic regression analysis and adjusting for confounding by birth weight, white race, prenatal steroid exposure, day of life of first feed, day of life to reach full feeds, and breast milk. CONCLUSION. The incidence of NEC was significantly decreased after the implementation of standardized feeding schedules, which was independent of birth weight, prenatal steroid exposure, breast milk, day of life of first feed, and the number of days to reach full feeds.
机译：目的。在实施标准化喂养计划后评估坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）的发生率。方法。这是一项队列研究，回顾了实施喂养计划之前3年内NEC的发生率，并对出生体重在1250至2500 g之间的婴儿实施喂养计划后3年内的NEC发生率进行了前瞻性评估。和小于35周的妊娠。喂食时间表分为三部分。首先，在生命的最初24小时内没有任何人被喂食。根据出生体重，在生命的24至72小时之间开始喂养。其次，最初的饲料是全强度母乳或半强度配方奶。所有组在第四天将半强度公式更改为全强度公式。第三，所有组的每日饲喂量增加量均不超过20 mL / kg。结果。在分娩前的477例婴儿中，有23例（4.8％）明确的NEC病例被定义为在手术时经腹膜确诊为肺气肿或NEC;在分娩后的466例婴儿中，有5例（1.1） ％）NEC病例。在制定喂食时间表之前，开发NEC的人开始喂食的时间比1.5 +/- 1.5（+/-标准偏差[SD]）天要早，而3.0 +/-。7（+/- SD）天要早些时候喂饱4.0 + / -1.8（+/- SD）天与9.8 +/-。5（+/- SD）天相比，在实施喂养计划后开发NEC的人更有可能开始配方食品。喂食时间表后发生NEC的平均时间从5.9 +/- 4.1（+/- SD）天增加到19.4 +/- 16.3（+/- SD）天，尽管没有统计学意义。喂养时间表后，接受产前类固醇激素治疗的母亲人数有所增加。然而，无论母亲是否接受类固醇激素预处理，NEC婴儿的数量均显着减少。通过多项logistic回归分析确定喂养时间表后，并根据出生体重，白人，出生前类固醇暴露，初次喂养的日龄，全日喂养的日龄进行了调整，将NEC的风险降低了84％和母乳。结论。实施标准化的喂养计划后，NEC的发生率显着降低，这与出生体重，产前类固醇暴露，母乳，首次喂养的日数和达到全日的喂养天数无关。

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