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MDMA and learning: effects of acute and neurotoxic exposure in the rat.

机译：MDMA和学习：大鼠急性和神经毒性暴露的影响。

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In two experiments, the effects of MDMA on the acquisition of lever-press responding of rats were examined under procedures in which water delivery was delayed by 0, 10, or 20 s relative to the response that produced it. In the first study, experimentally naive, water-deprived rats received an intraperitoneal injection of MDMA (0, 1.0, 3.2, or 5.6 mg/kg) prior to one 8-h experimental session. Response acquisition was observed under all conditions at all drug doses. MDMA increased the total number of responses emitted and the total number of water deliveries earned in dose-dependent fashion, but only when reinforcement was immediate. Under conditions of delay, MDMA had no effect on either measure. Under all reinforcement conditions, higher doses of MDMA typically produced an initial reduction in lever pressing, and in that sense interfered with learning. In the second study, rats received an MDMA injection regimen previously shown to be neurotoxic. Control rats received saline solution according to the same injection schedule. Two weeks after completing the regimen, rats were water deprived and exposed to behavioral procedures as described for the first experiment. Although MDMA significantly reduced 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels in the striatum and prefrontal cortex, mean performance of rats exposed to MDMA did not differ from that of rats exposed to vehicle. Twenty-five percent of the rats exposed to MDMA and delayed reinforcement did fail to acquire responding, which suggests that further study of the effects of neurotoxic doses of MDMA on initial response acquisition is warranted.
机译：在两个实验中，在相对于产生水的反应延迟了0、10或20 s的程序下，检查了MDMA对大鼠杠杆压力反应获得的影响。在第一个研究中，实验天真，缺水的大鼠在进行一次8小时实验前接受了腹膜内注射MDMA（0、1.0、3.2或5.6 mg / kg）。在所有条件下，所有药物剂量下均观察到反应获得。 MDMA以剂量依赖的方式增加了发出的反应总数和所获得的水输送总数，但仅当立即进行补强时才如此。在延迟的情况下，MDMA对任何一种措施都没有影响。在所有增强条件下，较高剂量的MDMA通常会导致杆压的初始降低，从这种意义上讲会干扰学习。在第二项研究中，大鼠接受了先前被证明具有神经毒性的MDMA注射方案。对照大鼠按照相同的注射时间表接受盐溶液。完成方案两周后，将大鼠禁水，并按照第一个实验所述的方法进行行为处理。尽管MDMA显着降低了纹状体和前额叶皮层中的5-HT和5-HIAA水平，但暴露于MDMA的大鼠的平均表现与暴露于溶媒的大鼠的平均表现没有差异。 25％的暴露于MDMA和延迟补强的大鼠确实没有获得应答，这表明需要进一步研究MDMA的神经毒性剂量对初始应答获得的影响。

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