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High novelty-seeking predicts greater sensitivity to the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine

机译：追求新奇的人对可卡因的条件奖励作用具有更高的敏感性

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Novelty-seeking in rodents, defined as enhanced specific exploration of novel situations, is considered to predict the response of animals to drugs of abuse and, thus, identify "drug-vulnerable" individuals. The main objective of this work was to determine the capacity of two animal models - the novel object recognition task and the novel environment test - for evaluating to what extent novelty-seeking can predict greater sensitivity to the rewarding properties of cocaine in young adult (PND 56) and adolescent (PND 35) OF1 mice of both sexes. Conditioned place preference, a useful tool for evaluating the sensitivity of individuals to the incentive properties of addictive drugs, was induced with a sub-threshold dose of cocaine (1 mg/kg, i.p.). Three factors that predispose individuals to addiction were considered: age, sex and novelty-seeking trait. CPP was detected only in the young adults that spent most time exploring the novel environment (High Novel Environment Seekers, High-Environment-NS). The novel environment test seemed to be more effective than the novel object recognition task in identifying young adults vulnerable to drugs; specifically, it revealed a distinction between High- and Low-Environment-NS mice that predicted greater sensitivity to the rewarding properties of cocaine among young adults but not among adolescents. Although our results reveal a higher novelty preference among young adult females than among their male counterparts in the two NS tests, both sexes showed similar susceptibility to the rewarding effects of a sub-threshold dose of cocaine in the CPP. These findings suggest that screening can identify humans at-risk of becoming drug users, and may contribute to the development of prevention strategies based on specific vulnerabilities.
机译：在啮齿动物中寻求新颖性（定义为对新颖情况的增强的特定探索）被认为可以预测动物对滥用药物的反应，从而确定“易受毒品危害”的个体。这项工作的主要目的是确定两种动物模型（新颖的物体识别任务和新颖的环境测试）的能力，以评估寻求新颖性可以在多大程度上预测年轻成人对可卡因奖励特性的敏感性（PND） 56）和青春期（PND 35）的雌雄同体小鼠。使用亚阈值以下剂量的可卡因（1 mg / kg，腹腔注射）诱导条件性位置偏爱，这是一种用于评估个人对成瘾性药物的激发特性敏感性的有用工具。考虑了使个人容易上瘾的三个因素：年龄，性别和寻求新奇特质。仅在花费大量时间探索新环境的年轻人中发现了CPP（高新环境寻求者，高环境NS）。在识别易受毒品侵害的年轻人方面，新型环境测试似乎比新型物体识别任务更有效。具体而言，它揭示了高环境和低环境NS小鼠之间的区别，该区别预测了年轻人对可卡因有益特性的敏感性更高，而青少年则没有。尽管我们的结果显示，在两次NS测试中，成年女性比男性具有更高的新颖性偏好，但是对于CPP中亚阈值以下可卡因的奖励作用，两种性别的敏感性相似。这些发现表明，筛查可以确定人类有成为吸毒者的危险，并且可能有助于开发基于特定漏洞的预防策略。

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