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首页> 外文期刊>Physics in medicine and biology. >Quantification of breast density with spectral mammography based on a scanned multi-slit photon-counting detector: A feasibility study
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Quantification of breast density with spectral mammography based on a scanned multi-slit photon-counting detector: A feasibility study

机译：基于扫描多缝光子计数检测器的乳腺X射线摄影术对乳房密度的量化：可行性研究

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A simple and accurate measurement of breast density is crucial for the understanding of its impact in breast cancer risk models. The feasibility to quantify volumetric breast density with a photon-counting spectral mammography system has been investigated using both computer simulations and physical phantom studies. A computer simulation model involved polyenergetic spectra from a tungsten anode x-ray tube and a Si-based photon-counting detector has been evaluated for breast density quantification. The figure-of-merit (FOM), which was defined as the signal-to-noise ratio of the dual energy image with respect to the square root of mean glandular dose, was chosen to optimize the imaging protocols, in terms of tube voltage and splitting energy. A scanning multi-slit photon-counting spectral mammography system has been employed in the experimental study to quantitatively measure breast density using dual energy decomposition with glandular and adipose equivalent phantoms of uniform thickness. Four different phantom studies were designed to evaluate the accuracy of the technique, each of which addressed one specific variable in the phantom configurations, including thickness, density, area and shape. In addition to the standard calibration fitting function used for dual energy decomposition, a modified fitting function has been proposed, which brought the tube voltages used in the imaging tasks as the third variable in dual energy decomposition. For an average sized 4.5cm thick breast, the FOM was maximized with a tube voltage of 46 kVp and a splitting energy of 24keV. To be consistent with the tube voltage used in current clinical screening exam (32 kVp), the optimal splitting energy was proposed to be 22keV, which offered a FOM greater than 90% of the optimal value. In the experimental investigation, the root-mean-square (RMS) error in breast density quantification for all four phantom studies was estimated to be approximately 1.54% using standard calibration function. The results from the modified fitting function, which integrated the tube voltage as a variable in the calibration, indicated a RMS error of approximately 1.35% for all four studies. The results of the current study suggest that photon-counting spectral mammography systems may potentially be implemented for an accurate quantification of volumetric breast density, with an RMS error of less than 2%, using the proposed dual energy imaging technique.
机译：简单准确地测量乳房密度对于了解其对乳腺癌风险模型的影响至关重要。利用计算机模拟和物理幻象研究，已经研究了使用光子计数光谱乳腺摄影系统量化乳房体积密度的可行性。计算机仿真模型涉及来自钨阳极x射线管和基于Si的光子计数检测器的多能谱，已经进行了乳房密度定量评估。选择品质因数（FOM），定义为双重能量图像相对于平均腺体剂量平方根的信噪比，以根据管电压优化成像方案和分裂能量。在实验研究中，已采用扫描多缝光子计数光谱乳腺摄影系统，通过具有均匀厚度的腺体和脂肪等效体模的双重能量分解，定量测量乳房密度。设计了四项不同的体模研究以评估该技术的准确性，每种研究都针对体模配置中的一个特定变量，包括厚度，密度，面积和形状。除了用于双能量分解的标准校准拟合函数之外，还提出了一种改进的拟合函数，该函数使成像任务中使用的管电压成为双能量分解中的第三变​​量。对于平均大小为4.5厘米厚的乳房，在46 kVp的管电压和24keV的分裂能量的情况下，FOM最大化。为了与当前临床筛查检查中使用的管电压（32 kVp）一致，建议的最佳分裂能量为22keV，其FOM大于最佳值的90％。在实验研究中，使用标准校正函数，所有四个体模研究的乳房密度量化的均方根（RMS）误差估计约为1.54％。修改后的拟合函数的结果将管电压作为变量整合到校准中，表明所有四个研究的RMS误差约为1.35％。当前研究的结果表明，使用拟议的双能成像技术，光子计数光谱乳腺X线摄影系统可能有可能用于准确量化体积乳房密度，RMS误差小于2％。

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