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首页> 外文期刊>Physics in medicine and biology. >Development of 4D mathematical observer models for the task-based evaluation of gated myocardial perfusion SPECT.
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Development of 4D mathematical observer models for the task-based evaluation of gated myocardial perfusion SPECT.

机译：4D数学观察者模型的开发，用于门控心肌灌注SPECT的基于任务的评估。

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This paper presents two 4D mathematical observer models for the detection of motion defects in 4D gated medical images. Their performance was compared with results from human observers in detecting a regional motion abnormality in simulated 4D gated myocardial perfusion (MP) SPECT images. The first 4D mathematical observer model extends the conventional channelized Hotelling observer (CHO) based on a set of 2D spatial channels and the second is a proposed model that uses a set of 4D space-time channels. Simulated projection data were generated using the 4D NURBS-based cardiac-torso (NCAT) phantom with 16 gates/cardiac cycle. The activity distribution modelled uptake of (99m)Tc MIBI with normal perfusion and a regional wall motion defect. An analytical projector was used in the simulation and the filtered backprojection (FBP) algorithm was used in image reconstruction followed by spatial and temporal low-pass filtering with various cut-off frequencies. Then, we extracted 2D image slices from each time frame and reorganized them into a set of cine images. For the first model, we applied 2D spatial channels to the cine images and generated a set of feature vectors that were stacked for the images from different slices of the heart. The process was repeated for each of the 1,024 noise realizations, and CHO and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis methodologies were applied to the ensemble of the feature vectors to compute areas under the ROC curves (AUCs). For the second model, a set of 4D space-time channels was developed and applied to the sets of cine images to produce space-time feature vectors to which the CHO methodology was applied. The AUC values of the second model showed better agreement (Spearman's rank correlation (SRC) coefficient = 0.8) to human observer results than those from the first model (SRC coefficient = 0.4). The agreement with human observers indicates the proposed 4D mathematical observer model provides a good predictor of the performance of human observers in detecting regional motion defects in 4D gated MP SPECT images. The result supports the use of the observer model in the optimization and evaluation of 4D image reconstruction and compensation methods for improving the detection of motion abnormalities in 4D gated MP SPECT images.
机译：本文提出了两个4D数学观察器模型，用于检测4D门控医学图像中的运动缺陷。将它们的性能与人类观察者的结果进行比较，以检测模拟的4D门控心肌灌注（MP）SPECT图像中的区域运动异常。第一个4D数学观测器模型基于一组2D空间通道扩展了常规的通道化Hotelling观测器（CHO），第二个是使用一组4D时空通道的建议模型。使用基于4D NURBS的心脏躯干（NCAT）体模以16个门/心脏周期生成模拟投影数据。活性分布模拟了正常灌注和区域性壁运动缺陷时（99m）Tc MIBI的摄取。在模拟中使用分析投影仪，在图像重建中使用滤波反投影（FBP）算法，然后使用具有各种截止频率的空间和时间低通滤波。然后，我们从每个时间帧中提取2D图像切片，并将它们重新组织为一组电影图像。对于第一个模型，我们将2D空间通道应用于电影图像，并生成了一组特征向量，这些特征向量针对来自心脏不同切片的图像进行了堆叠。对1,024个噪声实现中的每一个都重复此过程，并且将CHO和接收器工作特征（ROC）分析方法应用于特征向量的集合，以计算ROC曲线（AUC）下的面积。对于第二个模型，开发了一组4D时空通道并将其应用于电影图像集，以产生应用CHO方法的时空特征向量。与第一个模型（SRC系数= 0.4）相比，第二个模型的AUC值显示出更好的一致性（斯皮尔曼等级相关系数（SRC）= 0.8）。与人类观察者的协议表明，提出的4D数学观察者模型可以很好地预测人类观察者在4D门控MP SPECT图像中检测区域运动缺陷的性能。结果支持在优化和评估4D图像重建和补偿方法中使用观察者模型，以改善4D门控MP SPECT图像中运动异常的检测。

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