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Nature of ferroelectric-paraelectric transition

机译：铁电-顺电转变的性质

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Ferroelectric (FE) materials directly convert electrical energy to mechanical energy and are critical to applications such as sensors, transducers, and actuators. The giant electromechanical response is the manifestation of the critical point between the first-order and second-order ferroelectric-paraelectric (FE-PE) transitions. For the simple classic FE lead titanate (PbTiO_3), it is commonly accepted that there is a critical point in the temperature-pressure phase diagram separating the first- and second-order FE-PE transitions at zero electric field. Here, we show that the FE-PE transition in PbTiO_3 is second-order at zero electric field. We introduce the concept of the invariant critical points (ICP) among three phases, representing the stability of the PE phase with respect to two FE phases in a three-dimensional electric field-pressure-temperature phase diagram of PbTiO_3. It is pointed out that the electromechanical response near ICPs is larger than that near the line of critical end points (LCEPs) between two phases.
机译：铁电（FE）材料将电能直接转换为机械能，对于传感器，传感器和执行器等应用至关重要。巨大的机电响应是一阶和二阶铁电-顺电（FE-PE）转换之间的临界点的体现。对于简单的经典FE钛酸铅（PbTiO_3），通常认为在温度-压力相图中存在一个临界点，该临界点将零电场下的一阶和二阶FE-PE跃迁分开。在这里，我们表明PbTiO_3中的FE-PE跃迁在零电场下是二阶的。在PbTiO_3的三维电场-压力-温度相图中，我们引入了三相之间不变临界点（ICP）的概念，表示PE相相对于两个FE相的稳定性。需要指出的是，ICPs附近的机电响应要大于两相之间的临界终点线（LCEPs）附近的机电响应。

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