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首页> 外文期刊>Philosophical Magazine Letters >Nucleation and growth kinetics in colloids and metals: Proceedings of a workshop at the MPIPKS Dresden 2006
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Nucleation and growth kinetics in colloids and metals: Proceedings of a workshop at the MPIPKS Dresden 2006

机译：胶体和金属的成核和生长动力学：2006年德累斯顿MPIPKS研讨会的论文集

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Polymorphic solids pose an important class of materials in the physics of condensed matter. One refers to polymorphic solids if these solids are able to take different structures (morphologies) during the nucleation and successive growth and ordering process. In this case the materials' properties, in particular their functionality, are determined by the morphology. Hence a detailed knowledge of the precise mechanisms that determine growth and ordering under the influence of different process conditions is essential to control such properties. A classical model system for polymorphic materials is that of pure metallic melts. For pure metallic melts the problem of dendritic crystallization constitutes the central microscopic problem to understand and successively control the functional properties of these pure materials. This problem has always been considered a paradigm of diffusion-controlled growth. An important characteristic of diffusion-limited dendritic growth consists in the fact that it can be investigated simultaneously with three different methods: theory, computer simulation and experiment. A great result of this interdisciplinary cooperation of all three methods was, that the relevant growth morphologies, which occur as solutions to the dendritic growth problem, could be identified in the 90's and could be classified by means of scaling relations. For multi-component metallic melts such rigorous results are still missing -particularly because of the fact that in this case the interaction of structure and phase dynamics is more complex and the number of possible evolution paths is obviously larger.
机译：多态固体在凝聚态物理中构成一类重要的材料。如果这些固体能够在成核以及连续的生长和有序过程中采取不同的结构（形态），则它们是多晶形固体。在这种情况下，材料的特性，特别是其功能性，由形态决定。因此，对在不同工艺条件的影响下确定生长和有序性的精确机制的详细了解对于控制此类特性至关重要。用于多态材料的经典模型系统是纯金属熔体的模型系统。对于纯金属熔体，树枝状结晶问题构成了微观的中心问题，可以理解并相继控制这些纯材料的功能特性。这个问题一直被认为是扩散控制增长的范例。扩散受限的树枝状晶体生长的一个重要特征在于，可以通过三种不同的方法同时进行研究：理论，计算机模拟和实验。这三种方法的跨学科合作的一个重要结果是，可以在90年代识别出作为树突生长问题解决方案而出现的相关生长形态，并可以通过比例关系对其进行分类。对于多组分金属熔体，仍然缺少如此严格的结果-特别是因为在这种情况下，结构和相动力学的相互作用更加复杂，并且可能的演化路径数量明显更多。

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