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Protection of HTS magnets

机译：保护高温超导磁体

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The paper discusses protection issues for HTS magnet. For protection, the HTS magnet must rely on an active technique. Closed-form expressions of the matrix metal operating current density based on overheating and internal voltage criteria for protection, under very simplifying assumptions, are presented. Perhaps the most important conclusions of these criteria are that: (1) HTS (and LTS) magnets must be wound with composite conductor having a significant portion of its overall cross section occupied by normal metal generally of high electrical conductivity and (2) HTS windings must possess "high" NZP velocities to make the resistive zone occupy as large a fraction of the winding volume as possible. The paper also derives an analytical expression, under another set of simplifying assumptions, to determine the minimum resistive voltage level, dictated by the maximum hot-spot temperature set at 150 K, required to initiate an active protection process. Remarkably, this minimum detection voltage is nearly independent of the matrix metal current density, I-op/A(m). For a set of operating parameters used in a numerical example, a computed minimum detection voltage, at I-op/A(m) = 5 x 10(4) A/cm(2), is similar to 30 mV, which, considering it must be discerned in the presence of extraneous voltage signals likely to be present in real world operating conditions, would be non-trivial. To satisfy the overheating criterion at a level of I-op/A(m), which keeps the winding overall current density "viable" and at the same time to raise the minimum detection resistive voltage, the winding volume occupied by the resistive state must be expanded. The paper concludes with discussion of challenging new areas of research for protection of HTS magnets. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.
机译：本文讨论了高温超导磁体的保护问题。为了保护，HTS磁铁必须依靠主动技术。在非常简单的假设下，给出了基于过热和用于保护的内部电压标准的基体金属工作电流密度的闭式表达式。这些标准中最重要的结论可能是：（1）HTS（和LTS）磁体必须用复合导体缠绕，复合导体的整个横截面的很大一部分通常被高导电性的普通金属占据，（2）HTS绕组必须具有“高” NZP速度，以使电阻区占据绕组体积的尽可能大的一部分。在另一组简化假设下，本文还得出了一个解析表达式，以确定启动主动保护过程所需的最小电阻电压水平，该最低电阻水平由设置在150 K的最大热点温度决定。值得注意的是，此最小检测电压几乎与基体金属电流密度I-op / A（m）无关。对于数值示例中使用的一组操作参数，在I-op / A（m）= 5 x 10（4）A / cm（2）时，计算出的最小检测电压类似于30 mV，考虑到必须在存在可能存在于现实操作条件下的外部电压信号的情况下加以区分，这是不平凡的。为了在I-op / A（m）的水平上满足过热标准，该标准可以使绕组的总电流密度保持“可行”，同时又要提高最小检测电阻电压，则电阻状态所占据的绕组体积必须扩大。本文最后讨论了有关高温超导磁体保护的新挑战研究领域。 （c）2005年由Elsevier B.V.

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