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Extremely Thermophilic Fermentative Archaebacteria of the Genus Desulfurococcus from Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents

机译:来自深海热液喷口的脱硫球菌属的极端嗜热发酵古细菌

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Two strains of extremely thermophilic, anaerobic bacteria are described that are representative of isolates obtained from a variety of oceanic hydrothermal vent sites at depths from 2,000 to 3,700 m. The isolates were similar in their requirements for complex organic media, elemental sulfur, and seawater-range salinities (optimum, 2.1 to 2.4%); their high tolerance for sulfide (100 mM) and oxic conditions below growth-range temperatures (50 to 95%C); and their archaebacterial characteristics: absence of murein, presence of certain di-and tetraethers, and response to specific antibiotics. The two strains (S and SY, respectively) differed slightly in their optimum growth temperatures (85 and 90 C, optimum pHs for growth (7.5 and 7.0), and DNA base compositions (52.01 and 52.42 G+C mol%). At their in situ pressure of about 250 atm (25,313 kPa), growth rates at 80 and 90 C were about 40% lower than those at 1 atm (101.29 kPa), and no growth occurred at 100 and 110 C, respectively, at either pressure. In yeast extract medium, only 2% of the organic carbon was used and appeared to stem largely from the proteinaceous constituents. According to physiological criteria, the isolates belong to the genus Desulfurococcus. Reprints. (aw)

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