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Some Notes on Geographical Information Systems: The Relationship between TheirPractical Application and Their Theoretical Evolution

机译：关于地理信息系统的几点注记：实践应用与理论演进的关系

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A debate on the construction of a new theoretical basis for GeographicalInformation Systems (GISs) involves many new, as well as long-standing scientific and technological aspects of the discipline. Among the newcomers now demonstrating interest are the cognitive sciences. Efforts aimed at developing expert systems and user/interfaces have stimulated in-depth consideration of the cognitive implications of the whole of GIS activity. Parallel to these new approaches however, there remains the current, widespread and purely operative view of GIS utilization, which, perhaps for solely incidental reasons, is at odds with the newer approaches. The paper presents some considerations on the two ways of viewing and working with GISs. The author, basing notes on experience in the field, hopes that it will contribute to understanding how the new courses and all the issues involved have come to be perceived by those far from where it has been set.

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