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首页> 美国政府科技报告 >Flood Insurance: Extent of Noncompliance with Purchase Requirements Is Unknown.
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Flood Insurance: Extent of Noncompliance with Purchase Requirements Is Unknown.

机译：洪水保险：不符合采购要求的程度未知。

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摘要

Floods have inflicted more economic losses upon the United States than any other natural disaster. Since its inception 34 years ago, the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) has combined flood hazard mitigation efforts and insurance to protect homeowners against losses from floods. The program, which is administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), provides an incentive for communities to adopt floodplain management ordinances to mitigate the effects of flooding upon new or existing structures. Concerned about whether lender noncompliance could be high, the Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies, Senate Committee on Appropriations, mandated that we examine lender compliance with the mandatory insurance purchase requirement. Additionally, the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and its Subcommittee on Economic Policy asked us to review this issue. As agreed with your offices, this report addresses the following questions: (1) What are the bases for the differing perspectives on lender noncompliance; (2) What does other readily available data indicate about the extent of noncompliance; (3) What data would be needed to fully measure noncompliance. To address these objectives, we spoke with and obtained information from FEMA, federal regulators of lending institutions, GSEs, flood zone determination companies, mortgage companies, and others to obtain perspectives and to collect readily available data on lender noncompliance. We also obtained and analyzed home mortgage origination data and flood insurance policy data for certain flood-prone areas to obtain an independent perspective on the extent of noncompliance at the time mortgages are made. However, this analysis could not match specific mortgages with insurance policies to determine a compliance level. Moreover, data were not available to determine whether insurance was in force at loan origination for all geographic areas or during the life of the mortgage loan; therefore, we could not analyze all aspects of noncompliance with the mandatory purchase requirements. This report focuses on the activities of the following regulatory agencies that have regulatory authority over most of the pertinent mortgage market: the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Federal Reserve Board (FRB), the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), and the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS). We also focused on the two GSEs that have direct responsibility for compliance-the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac).

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