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Assessment of Practices for Controlling Shallow Valley-Bottom Gullies in the Sub-Humid Ethiopian Highlands

机译：在潮湿的埃塞俄比亚高地控制浅谷底牙龈的实践评估

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摘要

Rehabilitation of large valley bottom gullies in developing countries is hampered by high cost. Stopping head cuts at the time of initiation will prevent large gullies from forming and is affordable. However, research on practices to control shallow gully heads with local materials is limited. The objective of this research was therefore to identify cost-effective shallow gully head stabilization practices. The four-year study was conducted on 14 shallow gullies (<3 m deep) in the central Ethiopian highlands. Six gullies were used as a control. Heads in the remaining eight gullies were regraded to a 1:1 slope. Additional practices implemented were adding either riprap or vegetation or both on the regraded heads and stabilizing the gully bed downstream. Gully heads were enclosed by fencing to prohibit cattle access to the planted vegetation. The median yearly head retreat of the control gullies was 3.6 m a−1 with a maximum of 23 m a−1. Vegetative treatments without riprap prevented gully incision by trapping sediments but did not stop the upslope retreat. The gully heads protected by riprap did not erode. Regrading the slope and adding riprap was most effective in controlling gully head retreat, and with hay grown on the fenced-in areas around the practice, it was profitable for farmers.
机译：发展中国家大谷底牙龈的康复受高成本的阻碍。在开始时停止头部切口将防止大沟渠成形并且实惠。但是，有限地对控制浅沟头的实践研究有限。因此，本研究的目的是识别成本效益的浅沟头稳定实践。在中央埃塞俄比亚高地的14个浅沟（<3米深）上进行了四年的研究。六只沟渠被用作控制。剩下的八个沟渠中的头部被后悔到1：1坡度。实施的额外做法正在加入RIPRAP或植被，或者在后悔的头上或稳定下游沟渠。沟壑头被围栏围绕着禁止牛进入种植植被。控制沟渠的中位年头撤退是3.6米A-1，最多23米A-1。没有riprap的植物处理通过捕获沉积物防止沟冲沟切口，但没有阻止上升性撤退。 RIPRAP保护的沟壑头没有侵蚀。 Readrace和Adding Riprap最有效地控制沟壑头撤退，并且在围绕实践周围的围栏地区种植的干草，对农民有利可图。

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