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首页> 外文OA文献 >Constraints on fault and lithosphere rheology from the coseismic slip and postseismic afterslip of the 2006 M_w 7.0 Mozambique earthquake
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Constraints on fault and lithosphere rheology from the coseismic slip and postseismic afterslip of the 2006 M_w 7.0 Mozambique earthquake

机译：2006年莫桑比克7.0级M_w 7.0级地震的同震滑移和地震后余震对断层和岩石圈流变学的限制

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The 2006 M_w 7.0 Mozambique (Machaze) normal-faulting earthquake ruptured an unusually steeply dipping fault plane (~75°). The amount of slip in the earthquake decreased from depths of ~10 km toward the surface, and this shallow slip deficit was at least partly recovered by postseismic afterslip on the shallow part of the fault plane. An adjacent normal fault segment slipped postseismically (and possibly also co-seismically) at shallow depths with a large strike-slip component, in response to the stresses generated by slip on the main earthquake fault plane. Our observations suggest that the fault zone behaves in a stick-slip manner in the crystalline basement, and that where it cuts the sedimentary layer the coseismic rupture was partially arrested and there was significant postseismic creep. We discuss the effects of such behavior on the large-scale tectonics of continental regions, and on the assessment of seismic hazard on similar fault systems. The steep dip of the fault suggests the re-activation of a preexisting structure with a coefficient of friction at least ~25–45% lower than that on optimally oriented planes, and analysis of the deformation following an aftershock indicates that the value of the parameter ‘a’ that describes the rate-dependence of fault friction lies in the range 1 × 10^(−3)–2 × 10^(−2). The lack of long-wavelength postseismic relaxation suggests viscosities in the ductile lithosphere of greater than ~2 × 10^(19) Pa s, and an examination of the tectonic geomorphology in the region identifies ways in which similar fault systems can be identified before they rupture in future earthquakes.
机译：2006年莫桑比克7.0级莫桑比克（Machaze）正断层地震破裂了异常陡峭的断层（〜75°）。地震中的滑移量从约10 km的深度向地表减小，并且该浅滑移缺陷至少在断层平面的浅部被地震后滑移所弥补。响应于主地震断层平面上的滑动产生的应力，相邻的正常断层段在地震后（可能还有同震）在浅深度处以较大的走滑分量滑动。我们的观察表明，断层带在结晶基底中表现为粘滑型，并且在其切割沉积层的地方，同震破裂被部分阻止，并且存在明显的震后蠕变。我们讨论了这种行为对大陆地区大规模构造的影响，以及对类似断层系统地震危险性评估的影响。断层的陡峭倾斜表明，已经存在的结构的重新活化比摩擦系数至少比最佳定向平面上的摩擦系数低至少约25–45％，并且对余震后的变形进行分析表明，该参数的值描述断层摩擦的速率相关性的“ a”在1×10 ^（-3）–2×10 ^（-2）的范围内。缺乏长波地震后弛豫表明韧性岩石圈中的粘度大于〜2×10 ^（19）Pa s，并且对该区域的构造地貌进行了研究，从而确定了在识别类似断层系统之前可以先找到它们的方式。在未来的地震中破裂。

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