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Agricultural Expansion-Induced Infiltration Rate Change in a West African Tropical Catchment

机译：农业扩张诱导的西非热带集水区渗透率变化

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摘要

Land use and land cover in the Dano catchment is characterized by a rapid conversion from seminatural vegetation (fallow) to agriculture (cropland). The study compares both the saturated (Ks) and the unsaturated (Kh) hydraulic conductivities under cropland and fallow in the catchment to gain insights into the effect of the current land use on soil water dynamics. Hydraulic conductivity was measured under forty-two (42) pairs of adjacent cropland-fallow plots using a Hood infiltrometer. Ks, Kh, bulk density, and soil texture were further compared using a paired two-tailed Student’s t-test (p=0.05). The results showed that both Ks and Kh are highly variable irrespective of the land use type (coefficient of variation > 100%). The results also showed that Ks was significantly higher (1.16-fold on average) under fallow compared to cropland. As for Kh, the results showed that, from −2 cm to zero tension heads (h), Kh under cropland and fallow is not significantly different; however, as the supplied tension decreases up to the saturation state, Kh under fallow becomes statistically higher compared to cropland. No significant difference was found between soil textures and bulk density under cropland and fallow meaning that the observed differences of Ks and Kh under cropland and fallow were caused by land use and not preexisting difference in texture. These results suggest an increasing risk of erosion, soil fertility reduction, and flood in the catchment because of agricultural land expansion.
机译：DANO集水区的土地利用和陆地覆盖的特点是从农业（休耕）到农业（农田）的快速转换。该研究将饱和（ks）和不饱和（kh）液压传导下的饱和（ks）和不饱和（kh）液态导电性与集水区的休息室进行了洞察，以了解当前土地利用对土壤水动力学的影响。使用引擎盖渗透仪测量液压导电性在四十二（42）对的相邻农作物休耕地块下。使用配对的双尾学生的T检验进一步比较Ks，Kh，散装密度和土壤质地（P = 0.05）。结果表明，无论土地使用型（变异系数> 100％），ks和kh都是高度变化的。结果还表明，与农田相比，Ks在休耕中明显高于（平均1.16倍）。至于KH，结果表明，从-2厘米到零张力头（H），kh根据农田和休耕地没有显着差异;然而，随着供应的张力降低到饱和状态，与农田相比，休耕下的KH变得统计学上更高。在农田和休耕地区的土壤纹理和散装密度之间没有发现显着差异，这意味着在农田和休耕地区观察到的KS和KH差异是由土地利用和质地上的预先存在的差异引起的。由于农业土地扩张，这些结果表明侵蚀，土壤肥力减少和集水区洪水的风险越来越大。

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    Yacouba Yira; Aymar Y. Bossa;

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  • 年度 2019
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