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>Industrial evolution and national institutional advantage: a comparative analysis of the photovoltaic industry in Germany, China and South Korea
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Industrial evolution and national institutional advantage: a comparative analysis of the photovoltaic industry in Germany, China and South Korea
A number of alternative economic and economic geography theories have been developed to account for the divergence of national political economy and industrial dynamics. These include the varieties of capitalism, developmental state, neo-Schumpeterian innovation, and Gerschenkronian catching-up theories. In this thesis I shall argue that in these theories a core and often shared concept of "institutional advantage" plays a central role in explaining different economic performances across nations.ududThis concept is elaborated as a means of examining the causal relationships between institutional advantages and four necessary functions (market creation, capital mobilisation, process innovation and cost reduction) in the development of the photovoltaic (PV) industry of Germany, China, and South Korea. The development of these industries is examined in detail on the basis of empirical evidence in the form of archival and interview based data.ududTwo main conclusions are reached. Firstly, domestic market creation is not a generally necessary condition for the development of a local PV industry at a national level. China's PV industry grew fast without a sufficient domestic market unlike in Germany. However, domestic market creation is important, because the domestic PV industry, national support policy and the domestic market are interrelated. Secondly, capital mobilisation is a core function in establishing the PV industry. In the 2000s, Korea failed to establish its local PV industry despite an institutional advantage in creating domestic markets, mainly due to the fact that it had an institutional disadvantage in mobilising capital. However, Germany and China succeeded in mobilising capital in their PV sectors, governments playing a decisive role in facilitating the raising of funds in both cases.ududThis research contributes to a better understanding of the nature of industrial dynamics in the context of institutional configurations of a national political economy, broadening the usage of "institutional advantage" by applying this concept to comparative analysis on the national PV trajectories. Moreover, from the perspective of the social system, four necessary functions for the PV industry have been proposed and investigated.
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机译：为了解决国家政治经济和产业动态的差异，已经开发了许多可供选择的经济和经济地理理论。这些包括各种资本主义，发展国家，新熊彼特式的创新和Gerschenkronian追赶理论。在本文中，我将辩解说，在这些理论中，“制度优势”的核心且经常被共享的概念在解释国家间不同的经济绩效中起着中心作用。 ud ud这个概念被详细阐述为考察制度之间的因果关系的一种手段。在德国，中国和韩国的光伏（PV）行业的发展中具有优势和四个必要功能（市场创造，资金筹集，工艺创新和成本降低）。在基于存档和访谈数据的经验证据的基础上，详细研究了这些行业的发展。 ud ud有两个主要结论。首先，建立国内市场并不是在国家层面发展本地光伏产业的普遍必要条件。与德国不同，中国的光伏产业在没有足够的国内市场的情况下发展迅速。但是，建立国内市场很重要，因为国内光伏产业，国家扶持政策和国内市场是相互关联的。其次，资本动员是建立光伏产业的核心功能。在2000年代，尽管在建立国内市场方面具有体制优势，但韩国未能建立自己的本地光伏产业，这主要是由于它在筹集资本方面存在体制劣势。但是，德国和中国成功地在其光伏产业中动员了资本，在这两种情况下，政府在促进筹集资金方面都起着决定性的作用。 ud ud这项研究有助于在制度背景下更好地了解产业动态的本质。国家政治经济的配置，通过将此概念应用于国家PV轨迹的比较分析，拓宽了“制度优势”的使用范围。此外，从社会制度的角度出发，提出并研究了光伏产业的四个必要功能。
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