Reactor

摘要： Plastic is a basic need for humans,but it has also caused big problems for the environment.Then,the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the type of plastic and the addition of a zeolite catalyst on the oil yield from the pyrolysis of plastic waste.The research stages were natural zeolite activation,pyrolysis reactor settings,pyrolysis of plastic waste(PP and LDPE types),and characterization.The results showed that the used natural zeolite had a mordenite phase and activated natural zeolite had a higher Si/Al ratio than the inactivated one.The addition of a zeolite catalyst had an effect on the produced yield.The yields of oil from plastic waste pyrolysis with zeolite catalyst for PP and LDPE plastics were about 75.9 and 76.9 w/w,respectively.The results of the GCMS analysis showed that the compounds of the pyrolysis oil were thought to be from the alkanes,cycloalkanes,alkenes,carboxylic acids with aromatic rings,and ketones.The results of the GC-MS test showed that the uncatalyzed pyrolysis product consists of compounds with a range of C5-C11 carbon chains.Meanwhile,the ranges of pyrolysis products with active zeolite catalyst were C6-C24 carbon chains.

摘要： As a young engineer in the power plant department of Brown Boveri,Dr.Schulten had the idea to design nuclear power stations without major risk.The following requirements must be accomplished:ŸA negative temperature coefficient had to avoid an MCA(Maximum Credible Accident);ŸCeramic materials for core construction and fuel elements;ŸA homogenous mixture of nuclear fuel and graphite had to be able to use uranium and thorium as breeding material;ŸThe produced high temperature heat shall be the basis for production of electricity,drinking water,hydrogen,etc.;ŸA relatively simple plant,which could be operated in developing countries,to cogenerate electricity and heat;ŸHelium used as cooling gas.

摘要： 吞吐量对服务端框架的处理效率有着重要的影响,为了进一步提升传统服务端框架的吞吐量,提出了一种基于Reactor模式与非阻塞IO的服务端框架.首先,对Reactor模式与非阻塞IO进行了优势分析,并阐述了Reactor线程池的分发逻辑;其次,通过设计自适应缓冲区结构降低了内存分配次数,提升了数据读入和写出的效率;最后,通过设计双缓冲结构优化了日志的写入操作,提升了日志写入效率.实验结果显示:在单线程测试环境下,对比libevent,该服务端框架吞吐量平均提升了9％;在多线程测试环境下,分别在100连接与1000连接时,对比Boost.Asio,该服务端框架吞吐量分别平均提升了28.66％与20.76％.这表明该服务端框架吞吐量较高,可应用于较大数据量请求的场景.

摘要： Treatment of pharmaceutical wastewaters is a challenging task owing to their complexity and pollution load, variability in strength of waste streams accompanied with shock loads. Since no single treatment system is a viable option, integration of existing systems with advanced physical/chemical processes has been gaining attention for treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater. In the present study, two biological treatment methods were evaluated for their efficiency as pre-treatment system for RO which are sequencing batch reactor and membrane bioreactor. Efficiency of biological treatments tested SBR and MBR was pre-sented in terms of percentage removal of physico-chemical parameters. Total dissolved solids removal by SBR was 31.82% while MBR showed 29.25% reduction. Chemical oxygen demand removal by SBR was 69.54% while MBR showed 30.35% removal. Efficiency of combined treatments SBR-RO and MBR-RO was presented in terms of removal of total dissolved solids, COD and ammonia. TDS removal was the highest in the combination of SBR-RO with 95.94% removal, while MBR-RO combination resulted in 87.29% removal. Chemical oxygen demand was achieved maximum with the combination of MBR-RO 92.33% while competitive results were achieved with the combination SBR-RO also with 88.62% removal. Removal of ammonia was maximum with the combination SBR-RO 87.5%, while competitive results were obtained with MBR-RO 85.51%. From the results, it can be understood that SBR was efficient in removing ammonia, total dissolved solids and was equally competent in removing chemical oxygen demand. This study concludes that combined treatment of SBR-RO proves to be promising in treating pharmaceutical wastewaters.

摘要： The final goal of this applied research is to simulate a Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) power plant with a CO2 capture unit. The originality of this investigation is the integration of a methanation process to produce the natural gas of the power plant from the captured CO2. The objective of this first part of the investigation is to simulate a methanation reactor for the production of methane using 1 kg/hr. of captured carbon dioxide containing 95% mol. CO2 and 5% mol. H2O. To reach this goal, Aspen Plus software and the Redlich-Kwong-Soave equation of state with modified Huron-Vidal mixing rules are utilized. Three parameters are considered in order to maximize the production of CH4 production: 1) temperature, varying from 250°C to 300°C, 2) pressure varying between 10 atm to 40 atm and 3) [H2/CO2] ratio which varies between 2 to 6. The maximum production of methane of 0.875 kmol/hr. was obtained for the following operating conditions: [H2/CO2] ratio of 3.5, at relatively low temperature (250°C - 270°C) and high pressures 30 and 40 atm.

摘要： We have inquired into a means to decrease the number of charged particles escaping from a loss cone of a magnetic mirror reactor as many as possible. We previously reported the way of installing a supplemental magnetic mirror (which has a cyclotron heating space within) at the exit of a main magnetic bottle. The cyclotron heating space was set to increase a reflection-efficiency of the supplemental mirror. We could not suppress the loss of the escaping deuteron ions sufficiently even with a very long mirror and a very powerful electric field. Then, in this work we propose a new plan of installing another supplemental mirror besides the previous supplemental mirror. A new mirror is set perpendicularly to the center axis of the main bottle. By the addition of the perpendicular mirror, an efficiency of sending back of escaping deuteron ions is considerably theoretically improved. Also in the previous work, since we did not touch how to supply a high-frequency electric field to the cyclotron heating space, here we consider supplying it by an extraordinary-wave with a cyclotron frequency. It is mentioned that propagation of an extraordinary-wave with an electron cyclotron frequency depends on a magnetic field strength and density of escaping electrons.

摘要： The most widely accepted model of Solar System formation, known as the Nebular hypothesis, does not solve the Angular Momentum problem—why is the orbital momentum of Jupiter larger than rotational momentum of the Sun? The present manuscript introduces a Rotational Fission model of creation and evolution of Macrostructures of the World (Superclusters, Galaxies, Extrasolar Systems), based on Overspinning Cores of the World’s Macroobjects, and the Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum. The Hypersphere World-Universe model is the only cosmological model in existence that is consistent with this Fundamental Law.

摘要： Activated sludge dewaterability and settleability properties are of prime importance in sludge treatment and disposal. Herein, we have experimentally examined the effect of deionization on activated sludge characteristics taking a case study of activated sludge inoculated in tap water and distilled water. The quality of the effluent, both distilled water and tap water were analyzed to determine the characteristics of activated sludge. Results indicated the increasing of the sludge volume index from 51.67 ml/g to 146.9 ml/g leading to the sludge bulking for sludge inoculated in distilled water. The Capillary Suction Time (CST) of sludge cultivated in distilled water varied from 23.1 to 38.4 s, which suggests poor dewaterability. These are due to the growth of some filamentous bacteria in distilled water system. These have further confirmed by light microscope images that showed a significant difference between the sludge systems cultivated in tap water and those grown in distilled water. The present work indeed advances our understanding of activated sludge treatment and would serve as a handy reference for researchers or scholars who want to deal with sewage water treatment.

摘要： It is estimated that there are at least 250,000 tonnes of irradiated graphite worldwide that will require eventual disposal. This graphite arises from a number of sources, but principally comprises moderator and structural materials for experimental reactors, production reactors, commercial power reactors and fuel assemblies. In the UK, a significant proportion of its irradiated graphite is classified as Intermediate Level Waste. Such waste is not heat generating but has a radioactive content exceeding 4 GBq per tonne alpha or 12 GBq per tonne beta/gamma activity. While the classification of waste is not consistent across states and proposals by individual states for the management of their graphite waste vary considerably, a common interest is the nature and distribution of its radioactive content. The radionuclides in irradiated graphite presenting the most significant long-term hazard are Carbon 14 (C-14) and Chlorine 36 (Cl-36) with half-lives of 5730 and 301,000 years respectively. For a better understanding of the way in which C-14 is produced, its distribution within irradiated graphite and realistic quantification of activity can potentially lead to improved characterization to validate its status within current or future waste classifications, segregation to reduce Intermediate Level Waste volumes, or treatment to reduce activity enabling re-classification as Low Level Waste. This paper reviews all these issues and then focuses on the significance of C-14. Some findings from a National Nuclear Laboratory study of C-14 levels in carbonaceous deposits and the underlying Magnox reactor graphite are presented to illustrate the need for thorough characterization of the waste material. These results are discussed in the context of aqueous leaching of C-14 from irradiated graphite and potential treatment options to minimize aqueous release. The paper concludes with some broader observations on the significance of C-14 in nuclear reactor graphite components and how these issues should be considered when preparing the lifetime management of new nuclear plant.

摘要： 2017年11月，中核集团在泳池式研究堆五十多年安全稳定运行的基础上发布其自主研发的泳池式低温供热堆，代号“燕龙”，型号DHR-400.District Heating Reactor。意为区域供热反应堆，400指反应堆热功率400MW.

摘要： Neural network is used to identify reactivity. The identification result can be compared with those ofother methods to reduce the physics startup risk. Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is employed to train thenetwork. The training samples stem from neutron kinetic equation of six groups. The characteristic of neutronmultiplication is analyzed. Simulation results indicate that the network is capable of spreading to other sampleswhich have not been learned.

摘要： Neural network is used to identify reactivity. The identification result can be compared with those ofother methods to reduce the physics startup risk. Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is employed to train thenetwork. The training samples stem from neutron kinetic equation of six groups. The characteristic of neutronmultiplication is analyzed. Simulation results indicate that the network is capable of spreading to other sampleswhich have not been learned.

摘要： Neural network is used to identify reactivity. The identification result can be compared with those ofother methods to reduce the physics startup risk. Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is employed to train thenetwork. The training samples stem from neutron kinetic equation of six groups. The characteristic of neutronmultiplication is analyzed. Simulation results indicate that the network is capable of spreading to other sampleswhich have not been learned.

摘要： Neural network is used to identify reactivity. The identification result can be compared with those ofother methods to reduce the physics startup risk. Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is employed to train thenetwork. The training samples stem from neutron kinetic equation of six groups. The characteristic of neutronmultiplication is analyzed. Simulation results indicate that the network is capable of spreading to other sampleswhich have not been learned.

摘要： Neural network is used to identify reactivity. The identification result can be compared with those ofother methods to reduce the physics startup risk. Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is employed to train thenetwork. The training samples stem from neutron kinetic equation of six groups. The characteristic of neutronmultiplication is analyzed. Simulation results indicate that the network is capable of spreading to other sampleswhich have not been learned.

摘要： 本发明提供一种基于Project Reactor框架的数据传输方法及系统，包括：设备端获取传感器实时检测的数据，并将传感器实时检测的数据发送给云平台的数据采集引擎；设备端和云平台的数据采集引擎之间采用MQTT协议进行通信；云平台的数据采集引擎利用Project Reactor框架构建；云平台的数据采集引擎利用Reactive Spring Cloud Stream构建响应式消息通信组件，将传感器实时检测的数据发送给Kafka消息中间件，将Kafka消息中间件中传感器实时检测数据转发给大数据平台或数据库；云平台的数据采集引擎利用Spring Reactive Data构建响应式数据访问组件，将Kafka消息中间件中传感器实时检测数据转发给MongoDB。本发明在数据的传输方面更加高效。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种基于事件驱动和Reactor模式的实现动态业务管线的方法，包括以下步骤:a、架构设计，消息中间件上的消息经过调度中心的组合处理后，执行相应的任务链；b、动态配置业务管线，根据Topic上的数据组成对任务链进行划分，从而形成业务管线，不同的划分方式形成不同的业务管线；c、任务链的执行，任务链的输入要求对消息中间件上多个Topic上的多类数据进行匹配，组合成一个完整输入后，进而触发任务链的执行。一个任务链关联一个输入，一个输入由调度中心对消息中间件上的数据进行组合，不同的组合或划分方式，提供了动态配置业务管线的方法。

摘要： 本发明提供一种基于Project Reactor框架的数据传输方法及系统，包括：设备端获取传感器实时检测的数据，并将传感器实时检测的数据发送给云平台的数据采集引擎；设备端和云平台的数据采集引擎之间采用MQTT协议进行通信；云平台的数据采集引擎利用Project Reactor框架构建；云平台的数据采集引擎利用Reactive Spring Cloud Stream构建响应式消息通信组件，将传感器实时检测的数据发送给Kafka消息中间件，将Kafka消息中间件中传感器实时检测数据转发给大数据平台或数据库；云平台的数据采集引擎利用Spring Reactive Data构建响应式数据访问组件，将Kafka消息中间件中传感器实时检测数据转发给MongoDB。本发明在数据的传输方面更加高效。

摘要： 本发明提供一种基于reactor模式的网络数据同步方法，基于一子网内多个主机及所述子网外的多个主机组成的网络，所述主机均包括网络同步模块，包括以下步骤：通过一主机内的网络同步模块将本地产生的同步数据发往所述主机所在子网内的其他主机；通过一主机内的网络同步模块从网络UDP socket接收所述主机所在子网内其他主机发送的同步数据；通过一主机内的网络同步模块从网络TCP socket接收所述主机所在子网外的主机发送的同步数据。本发明还提供与详述方法对应的系统。通过上述方法及系统，需要进行同步的数据及其特有的处理逻辑等可向该系统进行注册，实现将处理逻辑与同步系统分离。

摘要： 本申请公开了一种基于reactor的异步批处理方法及系统，涉及计算机应用领域，尤其涉及一种基于reactor的异步批处理方法及系统。所述方法包括：通过根据服务器内核数量，获得目标数据源的文件块集合；基于Spring Batch框架启动目标数据源的工作线程；确定存储数据的内核缓冲区；基于内存映射技术，对文件块集合中的任一文件块数据读取；将读取到的数据存储至内核缓冲区；基于Reactor技术，消费线程将内核缓冲区的数据写入目的端，将内核缓冲区的所有存储数据全部写入目的端后，结束异步批处理。解决了现有技术中原生Spring Batch框架存在内部架构复杂、流程冗余，从而导致性能低下的技术问题。

摘要： 本发明提供一种基于reactor模式的网络数据同步方法，基于一子网内多个主机及所述子网外的多个主机组成的网络，所述主机均包括网络同步模块，包括以下步骤：通过一主机内的网络同步模块将本地产生的同步数据发往所述主机所在子网内的其他主机；通过一主机内的网络同步模块从网络UDP？socket接收所述主机所在子网内其他主机发送的同步数据；通过一主机内的网络同步模块从网络TCP？socket接收所述主机所在子网外的主机发送的同步数据。本发明还提供与详述方法对应的系统。通过上述方法及系统，需要进行同步的数据及其特有的处理逻辑等可向该系统进行注册，实现将处理逻辑与同步系统分离。