train

摘要： Train–track–substructure dynamic interaction is an extension of the vehicle–track coupled dynamics.It contributes to evaluate dynamic interaction and performance between train–track system and its substructures.For the first time,this work devotes to presenting engineering practical methods for modeling and solving such large-scale train–track–substructure interaction systems from a unified viewpoint.In this study,a train consists of several multi-rigid-body vehicles,and the track is modeled by various finite elements.The track length needs only satisfy the length of a train plus boundary length at two sides,despite how long the train moves on the track.The substructures and their interaction matrices to the upper track are established as independent modules,with no need for additionally building the track structures above substructures,and accordingly saving computational cost.Track–substructure local coordinates are defined to assist the confirming of the overlapped portions between the train–track system and the substructural system to effectively combine the cyclic calculation and iterative solution procedures.The advancement of this model lies in its convenience,efficiency and accuracy in continuously considering the vibration participation of multi-types of substructures against the moving of a train on the track.Numerical examples have shown the effectiveness of this method;besides,influence of substructures on train–track dynamic behaviors is illustrated accompanied by clarifying excitation difference of different track irregularity spectrums.

摘要： 作为共建“一带一路”倡议下横贯亚欧大陆的集装箱铁路联运班列,“中欧班列”运行8年来取得了令人瞩目的发展。特别是在新冠肺炎疫情蔓延下,为构建人类卫生健康共同体发挥了独特作用。而“绿色”竞争又进一步推升了中欧班列的需求。铁路运输相较空运和海运,二氧化碳排放量可分别减少约95%和50%。在世界主要国家进入以“碳中和”为目标的产业政策大竞争的时代背景下,中欧班列越发成为“一带一路”沿线乃至更多国家和地区的首选。本文试从一个相对独特的角度,对“一带一路”框架下“中日第三方市场合作”项目——“亚欧大陆铁路物流”合作的现状和前景做出评估。

摘要： Traveling makes us feel sick because modern transport tricks the brain into thinking we have been poisoned, a neuroscientist has said. Being in a car, train, boat or plane causes conflicting signals in the brain which trigger a reaction similar to that which occurs when someone is poisoned. Dr. Dean Burnett, of Cardiff University, said the feeling of nausea is caused because the brain thinks the body needs to remove a toxin through vomiting.

摘要： 简要介绍了欧洲铁路几种新研制的双动力源机车。

摘要： Mar. 14, 2019 (Xinhua)— Southwest China''s Chongqing Municipality Gunched a new freight train to better serve transportation along the land-sea trade corridor. The train left Guoyuan Port, the largest port on the upper reaches of the Yangtze and a key point connecting the Yangtze River economic belt and Belt and Road regions.

摘要： The existing Big Data of transport flows and railway operations can be mined through advanced statistical analysis and machine learning methods in order to describe and predict well the train speed, punctuality, track capacity and energy consumption. The accurate modelling of the real spatial and temporal distribution of line and network transport, traffic and performance stimulates a faster construction and implementation of robust and resilient timetables, as well as the development of efficient decision support tools for real-time rescheduling of train schedules. In combination with advanced train control and safety systems even (semi-.) automatic piloting of trains on main and regional railway lines will become feasible in near future.

摘要： A project of the space cruise over the route “Earth-Mars-Earth” is considered. Design of electric rocket train, whose energy source is a semiconductor solar panel and a superconducting electrorocket engine (MARS) of new design is used as a mover, is developed. The concept of the cruise, which allows to reduce time of interorbital flight in twice, owing to refueling with working body on orbit of Mars, is developed. Development of the space locomotive with 4 MARS engines rated at 600 kW in which nitrogen is used as working substance, was being carried out. A new design of takeoff-landing capsule, in which cabin can be placed 10 space tourists, is developed. The studies carried out on the mathematical model, which takes into account the changing of power provided by onboard power plant, depending on the distance from the Sun, has shown that cruise may be done within 77 days including the stay of tourists on the Martian surface during 7 days. The project provides for implementation three cruises on the surface of Mars and 15 cruises on the lunar surface during two years with total cost of 2.2 billion dollars.

摘要： Activity 1Before you read, match the word or phrase to a definition.a. a way of life that causes little or no damage to the environment b. experience pain in your body or your mind c. in a way that does not damage the natural world around you d. interesting, unusual and (often) exciting because of coming from a foreign country e.

摘要： The ERTMS (European Train Management System) has been developed by the European Union (EU) to enhance safety, increase efficiency and to cross-border interoperability creating a unique solution fulfilling a standardized certification process. The ERTMS being able to automatically stop the train to overcome human errors has achieved the highest track record in terms of safety over several billionkm travelled each years. GNSS positioning, bearer-independent telecoms and ATO (Automatic Train Operation) are the new features for enhancing the ERTMS in the path to fully autonomous operations. In the same period, the automotive industry has launched ambitious plans for the connected cars and autonomous driving applications are emerging as the next wave of innovation. This paper evaluates the challenges to sharing intelligent infrastructure means, by combining the strengths of the safety benchmark achieved on the rail transport with the mass production capability of the automotive industry to lower the costs. In this scenario, rail and automotive becoming tightly intertwined can get a grip in the race towards a fully automation affordable and safe, giving birth to autonomous vehicles able to travel within virtual rails as “trains” on the road. To this aim we will introduce the two test bed in Italy respectively for validating the ERTMS with GNSS positioning and public telecoms networks and for testing FCA Ducato vans to operate at SAE level 3 automation exploiting the new GALILEO and 5 G services.

摘要： 本发明涉及云相态和云参量的反演方法，针对单传感器识别复杂云系的相态有问题，提出了一个反演云相态和云参量的新方法—协同算法。该算法是通过对多源卫星数据的匹配，用各自方法识别云相态并给出对云团相态识别最佳结果；并发展了基于这三个传感器的理论仿真模型，在应用最佳识别结果的前提下，假设云的参量代入各理论仿真模型计算得到理论模拟值，并同联合利用各传感器对云探测的实际数据进行协方差的迭代拟合，当拟合误差值取到最小时，得到的云参量就是该算法的反演结果(协同算法流程如图)。本发明可以不仅为中国下一代风云系列卫星的通道设置提供理论依据，还可以实时反演中国区域上空的云变化情况，为相关职能部门提供决策依据。