摘要:
目的 了解安徽省并殖吸虫病流行状况及影响因素,为并殖吸虫病的预防控制提供依据.方法 选择安徽省休宁县蓝田镇作为固定监测点,采集并殖吸虫第一中间宿主放逸短沟蜷,采用捣碎镜检法检测其肝脏尾蚴的感染情况;采集并殖吸虫第二中间宿主溪蟹,采用捣碎沉淀检测其囊蚴的感染状况;采用随机整群抽样的方法,采集当地6 ~ 69岁调查对象末梢血,利用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清中并殖吸虫特异抗体IgM和IgG,以确定其感染情况;同时进行问卷调查,了解人群感染并殖吸虫的相关因素.结果 2013 ~2016年共检放逸短沟蜷923只,感染率为6.72%(62/923);检测溪蟹537只,感染率为25.88%(139/537),感染度为0.82个/g;对当地692人进行了血清学检测和问卷调查,阳性率为10.69%(74/692);单因素分析结果显示,在是否食用溪蟹、不同饮用水源、是否喝生水调查对象间,其感染率的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 安徽省为并殖吸虫流行的自然疫源地,应在流行区开展并殖吸虫病防治知识的宣传教育工作,改变当地居民不良卫生饮食行为习惯.%Objective To ascertain the endemic situation and factors affecting paragonimiasis prevalence in Anhui province for evidence to plan prevention and control measures.Methods Lantian town in Xiuning county was selected as the regular surveillance site.The first and secondary intermediate hosts of Paragommus,snails and crabs,were collected to microscopically examine the infection with cercariae and metacercariae in livers,respectively.By random cluster sampling,peripheral blood samples were collected in local residents aged from 6 to 69 years old for detecting the specific antibodies (IgM and IgG) against Paragonimus using ELISA technique.Besides,a survey was conducted to understand the factors affecting the prevalence of paragonimiasis in population through questionnaire.ResuRs From 2013 to 2016,a total of 923 snails and 637 crabs were dissected.Infection rate was 6.72% (62/923) and 25.88% (139/537),respectively,and infectivity was 0.82 per gram.Serum sample test and questionnaire survey in 692 people indicated that the positive rate was 10.69%.Single factor analysis showed that infection rate was associated with history of eating crabs,different source of drinking water and habit of drinking un boiled water (P < 0.05).Conclusion The epidemic situation of paragonimiasis is still serious in Anhui province.Health education regarding paragonimiasis prevention should be expanded to the population in endemic area through correcting the unhealthy diet behavior.