摘要：
Objective To explore the characteristics of prenatal ultrasound image of triplet pregnancy complicated by twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence (TRAPS) and improve early diagnosis of this rare fetal malformation. Methods Compare the ultrasound and pathological findings of 6 cases of triplet pregnancy with TRAPS fetus by prenatal ultrasound diagnosis and postnatal diagnosis from April 2001 to April 2017 in Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, and summarize the characteristics of prenatal ultrasound images of TRAPS fetus. Results Sonographic findings of the six triplet pregnancy were as follows: (1) Acardiac fetus: all acardias were absence of heart and beat, with hypogenetic lower limbs, five with skin edema and lymphoedema, five were absence of fetal head while one with stunted head, one with hypogenetic upper limb, four with spin and abdominal cavity, four acardias had single umbilical artery and were supplied by umbilical artery draining towards the fetus, two cases showed no blood flow in umbilical artery and fetal body. (2) Pump fetus: all of the six cases with normal anatomical structure, two showed normal amniotic fluid volume while four showed polyhydramnios, three cases had prenatal cardiac dysfunction (one case survived, two cases of intrauterine demise). (3) The third fetal of the triplets (TRAP co-twin ): during the Prenatal ultrasound follow-up five fetus had normal morphology with normal heart function, one fetal with multiple malformations. Prognosis of the triplet pregnancy: one triplet cesarean delivery two normal boys, five triplets were of poor prognosis (four pump fetus of intrauterine demise, one pump fetal of premature death: one TRAP co-twin of intrauterine demise, two TRAP co-twins of premature death, two TRAP co-twins of induced labor), four acardia twins of intrauterine spontaneous blood blocking, two still birth. Fetal chorionic and amniotic membrane: four cases were dichorionic triamniotic triplet pregnancy, one case was monochorionic triamniotic triplet gestation, one case was monochorionic diamniotic triplet pregnancy. Six cases were confirmed by pathologic anatomy. Conclusion Triplet pregnancy complicated by TRAPS is a rare and severe multiple pregnancy complication, with its characteristic acoustic image characteristics, combined with color doppler, prenatal ultrasound has a high diagnostic value.%目的 总结三胎妊娠伴双胎无心脐动脉反向灌注序列征(TRAPS)胎儿产前超声图像特点.方法 对2001年4月至2017年4月经湖北省妇幼保健院产前超声诊断和生后检查确诊的6例三胎妊娠伴TRAPS胎儿超声与病理检查结果进行对照分析,总结TRAPS胎儿产前超声图像特点.结果 产前超声显示:(1)6例三胎妊娠伴TRAPS胎儿中无心畸胎均有发育不良的下肢(1例有发育不良上肢),无胸腔、无心脏结构及心管搏动,5例无头颅结构,1例有发育不良头;4例有脊柱和腹腔结构;4例为单脐动脉,5例伴全身皮肤水肿;彩色多普勒示脐动脉反向灌注朝向胎儿体内,2例产前超声末显示脐动脉及胎儿体内血流.(2)6例泵血儿解剖结构均正常,羊水过多2例,羊水正常4例.胎儿期发生心功能不全3例(1例中孕早期好转存活,2例宫内死胎).(3)6例第三胎儿中5例解剖结构正常,1例多发畸形.胎儿预后:6例三胎妊娠伴TRAPS胎儿中1例剖宫产产下2个正常男婴,1个死胎(无心畸胎);其余5例三胎均预后不良(5例泵血儿中4例宫内死胎,1例早产死亡;5例第三胎儿中1例宫内死胎,2例早产死亡,2例引产;5例无心畸胎中4例宫内血流阻断, 1例生后死胎).产后病理检查显示6例均为三胎妊娠伴TRAPS,其中4例为双绒毛膜三羊膜三胎妊娠, 1例为双绒毛膜双羊膜三胎妊娠;1例为单绒毛膜三羊膜三胎妊娠.结论 三胎妊娠伴TRAPS为罕见而严重的多胎妊娠并发症,产前超声有特有的声像图特点,彩色多普勒超声有较高的诊断价值.
