摘要：
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of preschool children undergoing removal of foreign body from trachea and explore the prevention methods.Methods Three hundred and forty children under six who had undergone tracheal foreign body removal surgery from June 2013 to May 2017 in the Eye Hospital of Hebei Province were enrolled in this study.The age,sex,location,duration,and type of foreign body were analyzed to provide evidences for prevention.Results There were 225 boys and 115 girls,and 92.3％ (314) of them were under the age of three.Foreign body located at right bronchus in 164 cases,left bronchus in 140 cases,and trachea in 36 cases.Foreign body type included peanuts,melon seeds,walnuts and other nuts (319 cases,93.8％),fragile foreign body such as fries (9 cases),other foreign bodies like apple or plastic (12 cases).Time to onset ranged from one hour to 120 day,including 207 cases (60.9％) within one day,52 cases (15.3％) in two to three days,81 cases (23.8％) with more than 4 days.Conclusion Preschool children aged from 1 to 3 years are high risk population for trachea foreign bodies.The main types of foreign body are nuts such as peanuts.Parents and society should pay attention to it in order to reduce the accidents.%目的 对行气管异物取出术的学龄前儿童进行临床分析,探讨防范方法.方法 选择2013年6月-2017年5月河北省眼科医院收治的行气管异物取出术6岁以下患儿340例,对其年龄、性别、堵塞部位、发病时间、异物种类等进行分析.结果 入组患儿中男童225例,女童115例;3岁以下儿童314例,占92.3％;堵塞部位:右侧支气管164例,左侧支气管140例,主支气管36例;堵塞异物:花生米、瓜子、核桃等坚果异物319例(占93.8％),薯条、虾条等易碎异物9例,其他异物12例(苹果、塑料等).发病时间1 h～ 120 d,其中1d内207例,2～3d52例,3d以上81例(分别 占60.9％、15.3％、23.8％).结论 1～3岁学龄前儿童是气管异物的高发人群,花生等颗粒坚果是主要异物种类,应提高防范意识,降低本病的发生率.
