摘要：
针对设施菜地磷肥过量施用,以便为设施蔬菜土壤磷肥施用限量标准制定及磷肥增效调控方法建立提供数据支撑,以山东寿光设施蔬菜土壤为研究对象,调查并采集150个设施蔬菜温室,其中种植年限0-4年50个(样本n=50)、4-9年40个(n=40)、9年以上60个(n=60),每个样点共采集土壤剖面(0~30 cm,30~60 cm,60~90 cm) 3层土壤样品,分别测定土壤全磷、有效磷、水溶性磷及微生物量磷及水溶性碳、微生物量碳、有机质含量,并分析其相关性.结果表明,随种植年限增加,剖面深度在0~30 cm,30~60 cm土壤全磷、有效磷、水溶性磷均呈现增加趋势,而微生物量磷则呈现先增加后降低的趋势;随土壤剖面土层的加深,各年限土壤全磷、有效磷、水溶性磷、微生物量磷含量均呈降低趋势,但种植年限9年以上设施土壤0~90 cm土壤剖面中微生物量磷约为20 mg/kg,且在各土层间差异不显著,表明多年种植后深度为30~60 cm,60~90 cm土壤微生物量磷含量有增加趋势;相关性分析表明,种植年限0-4年,4-9年时设施土壤有效磷与微生物量磷含量显著正相关,且呈对数函数关系;而种植年限在9年以上时二者呈二项式函数关系.结果表明,集约化设施蔬菜土壤随着种植年限增加土壤磷素累积增加,深层土壤微生物量磷含量呈增加的趋势,且磷素淋洗风险随种植年限增加而增强.%In order to provide data support for making standard for application of P fertilizer in greenhouse soil and establishing the method for increasing P efficiency regulation,the soil of 150 greenhouses was investigated and collected in Shouguang City,Shandong Province,planting years 0-4 years samples of 50 (n=50),4-9 years 40 (n=40),more than 9 years 60 (n=60).And each sample was collected 0-30 cm,30-60 cm,60-90 cm.The contents of total P,Olsen-P,water soluble P,microbial biomass P,water soluble carbon,microbial biomass carbon and organic matter were measured,and the correlation of which was analyzed.The results showed that with the in-crease of planting time,the depth of soil in 0-30 cm,30-60 cm total P,Olsen-P,water soluble P showed an in-creasing trend,while the soil microbial biomass P content increased first and then decreased.With the deepening of the soil profile,the soil total P,Olsen-P,water soluble P and microbial biomass P were decreased to a certain ex-tent.Among them,the soil microbial biomass P was in the range of 20 mg/kg and the difference was not significant in 0-90 cm soil which planted time more than 9 years.The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between soil Olsen-P and microbial biomass P in the planting time of 0-4 years or 4-9 years, showing logarithmic function.When the planting time was more than 9 years,which showed a binomial function rela-tionship.The results showed that P accumulation in intensive vegetable soil increased with planting years increased, and the soil microbial biomass P increased with the increased of P accumulation in the vegetable soil,and the risk of P leaching increased with the increased of planting time.
