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生态环境需水

生态环境需水的相关文献在2001年到2022年内共计102篇,主要集中在环境科学基础理论、水利工程、地球物理学 等领域,其中期刊论文94篇、会议论文5篇、专利文献186381篇;相关期刊66种,包括生态学报、安徽农业科学、干旱地区农业研究等; 相关会议5种,包括第五届中国水论坛、第三届湖北科技论坛、中国水利学会2003学术年会等;生态环境需水的相关文献由253位作者贡献,包括杨志峰、李天宏、马乐宽等。

生态环境需水—发文量

期刊论文>

论文:94 占比:0.05%

会议论文>

论文:5 占比:0.00%

专利文献>

论文:186381 占比:99.95%

总计:186480篇

生态环境需水—发文趋势图

生态环境需水

-研究学者

  • 杨志峰
  • 李天宏
  • 马乐宽
  • 刘国彬
  • 刘德富
  • 吴洁珍
  • 周林飞
  • 姚云鹏
  • 孙栋元
  • 崔保山
  • 期刊论文
  • 会议论文
  • 专利文献

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    • 黄志鸿; 董增川; 张发鸿; 刘金华; 李启龙; 郭伟建
    • 摘要: 黄河水资源的现代化利用,不仅要考虑流域内的经济社会发展需水,同时也要保证必要的河道生态环境水量。黄河下游的生态环境问题宛如顽疾,较为突出的是水沙不平衡现象,输沙是研究黄河生态环境不可逃避的问题。从黄河下游生态环境现状存在的问题出发,在生态环境需水计算中综合考虑鱼类生活、水沙冲淤、污染防治等方面的要求,对黄河下游花园口以下各个重要水文站进行了生态环境需水量的计算;最后,计算得到的生态环境流量区间可为水库群的优化调度研究提供数据支撑。
    • 孔兰; 肖许沐; 胡良和
    • 摘要: 以南盘江江边街水文站为例,利用Texas法、Tennant法、月保证率法等,对维持生态环境健康的河道内生态环境需水量进行了研究。结果表明:南盘江江边街水文站高、中、低方案的年河道内生态环境需水量分别为6.613×10^(9)m^(3)、4.549×10^(9)m^(3)、2.486×10^(9)m^(3);高、低方案是所需生态流量的极限值,中方案是适宜流量的方案。开展本研究,对确定应留在河道内的水量,解决水生态问题,维护水生态系统健康发展,实现社会的可持续发展具有重要意义。
    • 姜田亮; 张恒嘉; 石媛媛; 王雅云
    • 摘要: 为科学准确的评价半干旱地区生态环境需水状况,对生态环境需水评价概念进行概括,以"自然—水资源—社会经济—生态"复合系统为研究角度,建立1目标、4准则,29指标的半干旱地区生态环境需水评价体系,将熵值理论引入层次分析法结合计算指标权重以消除主观经验对结果的影响,以半干旱地区民勤县为例,使用模糊综合评价法对该地区2006—2015年的生态环境需水及其子系统状况进行评价分析.结果表明:①对半干旱地区生态需水评价指数影响最大的是"水资源"子系统与"生态"子系统;缺水量、年平均水资源量、生态用水量占比、地均水资源量及人均水资源量为影响力最大指标.②近十年民勤县的生态环境需水处于"较差"转向"一般"的阶段,与各子系统的协调度逐年变好,说明该地生态治理取得了成效.该方法可应用于类似半干旱地区的生态环境需水评价,为半干旱地区制定水资源调控战略及生态需水研究奠定一定的理论基础.
    • 孙栋元; 杨俊; 胡想全; 金彦兆; 张云亮
    • 摘要: 以疏勒河中游绿洲为研究对象,基于RS和GIS技术,选择1990年、2000年和2013年Landsat TM/ETM影像解译成果作为中游绿洲生态演变研究的基础资料,并确定了中游绿洲2020年和2030年生态保护目标.根据疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境需水特征,建立了基于天然植被、河流、湿地和防治耕地盐碱化的疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境需水定量化模型,并估算了现状和保护目标下流域中游绿洲生态需水量,从而为区域水资源合理配置和生态系统的协调发展提供参考依据.通过计算得出了疏勒河中游绿洲2013、2020和2030年天然植被、河流基本生态、河流输沙、河流渗漏补给、水面蒸发、湿地生态和防治耕地盐碱化生态环境需水量.同时得出疏勒河中游绿洲2013、2020和2030年疏勒河中游绿洲最大、最小和最适生态环境需水量分别为7.42×108、7.09× 108、7.29× 108,8.24× 108、7.91×108、8.11×108 m3和9.12× 108、8.79× 108、8.99× 108 m3.2013、2020和2030年疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境需水量年内变化主要集中于5-8月,累积生态环境需水量占全年的比例分别为58.01%、58.08%和58.13%;疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境需水量瓜州所占比例相对较大,玉门相对最小,敦煌介于二者之间.%The study of eco-environmental water requirements is the hotspot of ecology and water science.It is also the basis of the rational allocation and sustainable utilization of water resources.The results of such a study could provide guidance as to the optimal allocation of regional water resources and utilization,and ultimately provide a regional,economical,ecological,and environmental water system of balanced and sustainable development.The eco-environmental water requirements of an arid inland river basin are a key scientific problem facing the reasonable allocation and management of water resources as well as the eco-environmental protection and construction of arid regions.The Shulehe River Basin,as the third largest inland river basin in Hexi Corridor,Gansu province,is an important ecological security barrier for northwestern China.Recently however,increasing human activity and global climate change has led to a series of ecological and environmental issues and water crises in Shulehe River Basin.Specifically,the degenerated vegetation caused a rapid decline of the groundwater water table.In recent years,ecological water requirements have often been overshadowed by the socioeconomic use of water.This led to great changes in the oasis of the middle reaches.The oasis of the middle reaches,as a societal,economical,and human activity main zone,is a vital ecological subject for protection in the Shulehe River Basin.Considering these issues,this study utilized the oasis of the middle reaches of Shulehe River Basin as its study area.Using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology,the results of Thematic mapper /Enhanced Thematic Mapper (TM/ETM) images of the oasis of the middle reaches of the Shulehe River Basin in 1990,2000,and 2013 were selected to be used as basic data in order to study ecological evolution,and determine the ecological protection target of the oasis of the middle reaches of the Shulehe River Basin in 2020 and 2030.According to different types of eco-environmental water requirements in the oasis of the middle reaches of the Shulehe river basin,a quantification model for such water requirements was established and the current status and protection targets of eco-environmental water requirements were estimated.This would provide reference for the rational allocation of regional water resources and the coordinated development of an ecological system.These results indicate that the eco-environmental water requirements of natural vegetation,basic eco-environmental water requirements,transportation sand eco-environmental water requirements,recharge of watercourse seepage water requirements,water surface evaporation eco-environmental water requirements,marsh eco-environmental water requirements and combating salinization of farmlands eco-environmental water requirements of the oasis of the middle reaches of the Shulehe river basin were 1.90×108,0.98×108,1.11×108,0.83×108,0.68×108,2.70×108,0.20×108,2.24×108,0.98×108,1.11×108,0.83×108,0.73×108,3.13×108,0.20× 108 m3 and 2.47×108,0.98×108,1.11 × 108,0.83× 108,0.80× 108,3.71× 108,0.20× 108 m3 in 2013,2020 and 2030,respectively.At the same time,the maximum of eco-environmental water requirements,minimum of eco-environmental water requirements,and optimum eco-environmental water requirements of the oasis of the middle reaches of the Shulehe river basin were 7.42× 108,7.09×108,7.29×108,8.24×108,7.91×108,8.11×108 m3 and 9.12×108,8.79×108,8.99×108 m3 in 2013,2020 and 2030,respectively.The annual variation of eco-environmental water requirement was concentrated mainly from May to August and proportion of cumulative eco-environmental water requirements of the total ecological environment water demand were 58.01%,58.08% and 58.13% in 2013,2020 and 2030,respectively.The water requirements of Guazhou County eco-environmental water requirements were relatively greater than those of Yumen City and Dunhuang City.The study results will provide a basis for the management program of Dunhuang water resources reasonable utilization and ecological protection.Additionally,it will be an important source for promoting the research of ecological water rights,allocation of water quantity,and coordinated and sustainable development among ecological protection,reasonable configuration of water resources and economic society in Shulehe river basin.
    • 杨毅; 邵慧芳; 唐伟明
    • 摘要: 针对城市河道不同于一般意义河流的特点,从河道内生态环境需水概念出发,研究提出资料有限条件下的城市河道生态环境需水量计算方法.并以通州城市副中心北运河为例,应用环境学、水文学和水力学等理论,系统分析北运河生态环境需水量的研究范畴和影响因素,对规划目标下的生态环境需水量进行定量研究,一方面为北运河流域截污治理,生态环境用水配置提供支撑,同时进一步验证城市河道生态环境需水量估算方法的适用性和实用性.
    • 孙栋元; 胡想全; 杨俊; 金彦兆; 张云亮
    • 摘要: Eco-environmental water requirement in arid inland river basin is one of key scientific problems in the reasonable allocation and management of water resources and the eco-environmental protection and construction in arid re-gions .According to different types of eco-environmental water requirement in the middle reaches oasis of Shulehe river basin ,quantification model of eco-environmental water requirement for plain regions of the middle reaches oasis of Shule -he river basin was established and the calculation method of eco - environmental water requirement was put forward .The research result indicated that eco - environmental water requirement of natural vegetation ,basic eco-environmental water requirement ,transportation sand eco-environment water requirement ,recharge of watercourse seepage water requirement , water surface evaporation eco-environmental water requirement ,marsh eco - environmental water requirement were 1 .90 × 108 m3 ,1 .00 × 108 m3 ,1 .11 × 108 m3 ,0 .83 × 108 m3 ,0 .68 × 108 m3 and 2 .70 × 108 m3 in 2013 ,respectively .Ac-cording to environmental status and the aim of ecological protection ,optimal configuration and comprehensive management of water resources would need to be enhanced ,the proportion of ecological water use and agricultural water use ,and con-figuration quantity of water resources in different area and different usage department would be harmonized ,comprehen-sive utilization efficiency of water resources would be heightened in the middle reaches oasis of Shulehe river basin .The recent and future ecological protection and restoration aim will be further established in the middle reaches oasis of Shule -he river basin .The significant zone of ecological governance will be ascertained ,which the threshold and suitable quanti-ty of ecological water requirement were calculated under different protection aim in the middle reaches oasis of Shule river basin .%干旱内陆河流域绿洲生态环境需水研究是内陆河流域水资源综合管理和优化配置、保护和恢复生态环境中最为关键的科学问题之一,本研究针对疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境现状以及天然植被、河流湖泊等生态需水特征,建立了基于天然植被、河流、湿地和防治耕地盐碱化的疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境需水定量化模型,以期为干旱内陆河流域绿洲生态环境需水研究提供一种可借鉴方法。模型计算结果表明,疏勒河中游绿洲2013年天然植被、河流基本生态、河流输沙、河流渗漏补给、水面蒸发和湿地生态环境需水量分别为1.90×108 m3、1.00×108 m3、1.11×108 m3、0.83×108 m3、0.68×108 m3、2.70×108 m3。根据目前疏勒河流域中游绿洲水资源与生态环境现状,应加强水资源的综合管理,协调农业用水与生态用水关系以及不同区域和不同部门间水资源配置量,提高水资源综合利用效率;进一步制定中游绿洲近期和远期生态保护和生态恢复目标,确定生态综合治理重点区,准确计算基于生态保护目标的流域中游绿洲生态需水量及阈值。
    • 邓雯
    • 摘要: 文章基于国内外学者研究生态环境需水成果,分析其类型和内涵,探究河流、湿地、植被等生态环境需水量的理论基础以及方法.
    • 许昆
    • 摘要: 基于涑水河的特点,提出了适合于涑水河河道的干旱和半干旱流域需水预测模型,探讨了自适应变尺度粒子群-RBF神经网络模型在需水预测中的可能性。结果表明,涑水河流域需水量与自适应变尺度粒子群-RBF神经网络模型预测结果相当接近。
    • 贾滨洋; 张平淡; 昝晓辉; 李晶; 黄建; 于涛
    • 摘要: 以水环境承载力的概念及内涵为基础,研究了天府新区规划初期水资源可持续利用的条件,并基于最大纳污量计算了可承载的区域人口和社会经济规模,为天府新区的区域整体发展规划提供依据.在天府新区新的发展目标下,论述了消除或缓解水资源的压力措施,即:改善和提高水资源管理水平甚至宏观社会经济决策水平,改善当地水资源承载状态,提高当地水资源系统对未来社会、经济、人口和生态环境的承载力.
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