摘要：
针对砂盘式荞麦剥壳机存在效率较低、重复搓擦、能耗大等问题,改进了剥壳机主要工作部件,分析产生问隙调整误差的原因,在此基础上对提高荞麦剥壳机的出米率及降低相对碎米率进行研究.以粒径为4.6～4.8 mm的荞麦为试验原料,将出来率和相对碎米率作为评价指标,对影响剥壳效率的主要因素:剥壳间隙、砂盘转速及间隙周向误差进行试验研究.试验结果表明:剥壳间隙接近5.0 mm时,出米率较高而相对碎米率较低;随着砂盘转速的增大,相对碎米率呈二次函数逐渐递升,最佳转速为950 r/min.正交试验结果表明:剥壳间隙周向误差对碎米率影响显著;剥壳间隙和砂盘转速对出米率、相对碎米率均有显著影响.最终优化方案为:剥壳间隙4.8 mm,砂盘转速950 r/min,间隙周向误差±0.05 mm,此时出米率为35.4％,相对碎米率5.8％,出米率高于目前荞麦米生产水平10％～25％.%Aiming at the problems of low efficiency,high energy consumption and repeatedly rubbing of the buckwheat huller,the main working parts of the huller were improved and the causes of the error of gap adjustment were analyzed.Research on improving the milled rice rate and reducing the relative broken rice rate during the shelling were conducted.Buckwheat's particles size between 4.6 and 4.8 mm were selected as test material and the milled rice rate and relative broken rice rate were taken as evaluation index.Main factors affecting shelling efficiency were shelling gap,running speed of sand disk and gap circumferential error.The results showed that:When the shelling gap was nearly 5 mm,the milled rice rate was higher and relative broken rice rate was Iower;With the increasing of sand-disc speed,the relative broken rice rate was quadratic function gradually ascending,the best speed was 950 r/min.Orthogonal experiment results showed that:The clearance of shelling circumferential error significantly affected the relative rate of broken rice;The peeling clearance and speed of sand wheel affected the rice yield rate and reduced the relative rate of broken rice.In conclusion,when the shelling gap was 4.8 mm,the running speed of sand-disc was 950 r/min and circumferential gap to the error was less than or equal to 0.05 mm,the milled rice rate reached 35.4％,the relative broken rice rate was 5.8％,and the milled rice rate was higher than the current level of production of buckwheat rice by 10％-25％.
