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Mechanisms of laser-induced thermal coagulation of whole blood in vitro

机译:激光诱导全血体外热凝的机理

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摘要

Abstract: Quantitative data regarding photothermal and damage processes during pulsed laser irradiation of blood are necessary to achieve a better understanding of laser treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions and improve numerical models. In this study, multiple experimental techniques were employed to quantify the effects os single- pulse KTP laser irradiation of whole blood in vitro: high- speed temperature measurement with a thermal camera in line- scan mode; optical coherence tomography; and transmission measurement with a co-aligned laser beam. Threshold radiant exposures for coagulation and ablation were identified. Thermal camera measurements indicated threshold coagulation temperatures of 90-100 degrees C, and peak temperatures of up to 145 degrees C for sub-ablation radiant exposures. Significant changes in coagulum thickness and consistency, and a corresponding decrease in transmission, were observed with increasing radiant exposure. The Arrhenius equation was shown to produce accurate predictions of coagulation onset. The significant of dynamic effects such as evaporative loss and dynamic changes in optical properties was indicated. Implications for numerical modeling are discussed. Most importantly, the threshold temperatures typically quoted in the literature for pulsed laser coagulation and ablation of blood do not match the result of this study. !36
机译:摘要:为了更好地了解激光治疗皮肤血管病变并改善数值模型,需要有关脉冲激光辐照血液过程中光热和损伤过程的定量数据。在这项研究中,采用了多种实验技术来量化单脉冲KTP激光在体外对全血的照射效果:在行扫描模式下使用热像仪进行高速温度测量;光学相干断层扫描;并通过同心激光束进行透射测量。确定了用于凝结和消融的阈值辐射照射。热像仪测量表明,亚消融辐射暴露的凝结温度阈值为90-100摄氏度,峰值温度高达145摄氏度。随着辐射暴露的增加,观察到凝结物厚度和稠度的显着变化以及透射率的相应降低。显示了Arrhenius方程可准确预测凝血开始。表明了显着的动态影响,例如蒸发损失和光学性能的动态变化。讨论了数值建模的含义。最重要的是,文献中通常引用的脉冲激光凝固和血液消融的阈值温度与这项研究的结果不符。 !36

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