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Tourism Competitiveness and the Role of Diversity: A Cross-Country Analysis

机译：旅游竞争力和多样性的作用：跨国分析

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摘要

Several studies have empirically explored the determinants of tourism demand and supply as well as the factors that affect destination or tourism competitiveness; however, no prior study has considered the possible interaction effect between the degree of ethnic and linguistic diversity within a country and its level of economic development. Using the 2009 Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index, a comprehensive measure of tourism competitiveness developed by the World Economic Forum, this study provides evidence that ethnic and linguistic diversity negatively impacts the level of tourism competitiveness across nations. Further, this study also finds that the negative effect of diversity on tourism competitiveness is mitigated in wealthier countries. In other words, higher levels of economic development can help off-set the negative impact of diversity on a country's tourism competitiveness.
机译：几项研究从经验上探索了旅游需求和供应的决定因素以及影响目的地或旅游竞争力的因素。但是，没有任何先前的研究考虑过一个国家内种族和语言多样性程度与其经济发展水平之间可能的相互作用。使用世界经济论坛开发的旅游业竞争力综合衡量指标“ 2009年旅游业竞争力指数”，本研究提供了证据，表明种族和语言多样性对整个国家的旅游业竞争力产生了负面影响。此外，这项研究还发现，在较富裕的国家，多样性对旅游业竞争力的负面影响得到缓解。换句话说，更高水平的经济发展可以帮助抵消多样性对一个国家旅游业竞争力的负面影响。

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