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Integration of Social Media and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for Rapid Damage Assessment in Hurricane Matthew

机译：社交媒体和无人机（无人机）的整合在马修飓风中快速损害评估

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Recent studies stress the critical role of rapid damage assessment in crisis management to reduce losses in natural disasters. Timely damage-related data collection by traditional empirical inquiry methods (e.g., interview and survey questionnaire) is particularly difficult after natural disasters such as hurricanes and floods. Remote sensing technologies including satellite and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) were popularly employed in previous research in support of damage data collection. Compared with orbit limitation and high operating costs of satellites, UAVs demonstrated its advantages in low operating costs, high operational flexibility, and high spatial resolution of imagery. However, using UAVs alone in data collection for major disasters such as Hurricane Matthew is particularly difficult because the affected area was so extensive. On the other side, previous studies indicate that social media (e.g., Twitter) was widely used as a crowdsourcing platform for citizens' communication and information sharing during natural disasters. Furthermore, citizens can also communicate information updates related to damage (e.g., burned area of wildfire) in natural disasters. Hence, social media presented its potential in providing timely information to support damage assessment. To conduct a rapid damage assessment, this paper proposed the framework of integration of Twitter and UAVs for damage data collection for Hurricane Matthew in Florida. Firstly, this study used real-time Twitter data to prioritize the affected counties requiring the deployment of UAVs. Secondly, we proposed the employment of UAVs in imagery and video data collection in these affected areas at the city and region level. Lastly, processing techniques for image and video were applied for rapid damage assessment, which can be further geographically represented to support crisis management.
机译：最近的研究强调了快速损害评估在危机管理中的关键作用，减少自然灾害的损失。经过传统的经验查询方法（例如，采访和调查问卷），在飓风和洪水如洪水等自然灾害后特别困难，及时损坏损坏的数据收集。遥感技术包括卫星和无人机航空公司（无人机）在以前的研究中受雇于支持损坏数据收集的研究。与轨道的轨道限制和卫星的高运营成本相比，无人机在低运营成本，高运行灵活性和高空间分辨率下表现出其优势。然而，仅在飓风马修等主要灾害中使用无人机，因为受影响的区域如此广泛，因此特别困难。另一方面，之前的研究表明，社交媒体（例如，Twitter）被广泛用作公民沟通和自然灾害期间的信息共享的众群平台。此外，公民还可以在自然灾害中传达与损坏（例如，野火区域）有关的信息更新。因此，社交媒体提出了它在提供及时信息以支持损害评估的潜力。为了进行快速损害评估，本文提出了佛罗里达州飓风马修的Twitter和无人机集成框架和无人机。首先，这项研究使用了实时推特数据来优先考虑受影响的县，要求部署无人机。其次，我们建议在城市和地区级别的这些受影响地区的图像和视频数据收集中雇用无人机。最后，应用了图像和视频的处理技术以进行快速损伤评估，这可以进一步地理位地称以支持危机管理。

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