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Seeking Efficiency in Urban Freight Distribution: A Comparative Analysis of Courier and Food Distribution Companies

机译:城市货运配送中的效率追求:快递公司和食品配送公司的比较分析

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Daily life in urban areas has seen a significant increase in freight requirements, resulting in thegrowing use of light transport vehicles (>3.5 tonnes). The efficient movement of urban freight isa challenge for transportation systems since, in addition to environmental considerations, freightmovements affect national, regional and local economies in such a way that planning forefficiency is more critical than ever for all parties involved. However, this study focuses on smalland medium-sized freight carriers, as they represent between 70 and 90% of companies in OECD(Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries. These companiestransport their goods in light vans, with hardly any fleet management patterns to make their workmore efficient. GPS technology is used by most urban distribution companies to track shipments,but this technology can be also used to achieve greater efficiency. This paper aims to provide asimple fleet management tool for small and medium-sized companies. To that effect, efficiencyindicators have been defined based on GPS data with regard to the time and distance required fordeliveries. This methodology has proved to be sensitive to the relationship between the numberof deliveries and the average time stopped and the average distance between stops. So, through acomparative analysis of two companies (a courier and a food distributor), it is possible todetermine which is more efficient and to outline time and distance parameters directly related tothe number of daily deliveries that can enable them to improve productivity.
机译:城市地区的日常生活对货运的需求大大增加,导致 轻型运输工具(> 3.5吨)的使用不断增长。城市货运的有效转移是 运输系统面临挑战,因为除了环境方面的考虑外,货运 运动对国家,地区和地方经济的影响方式是: 对于所有相关方而言,效率比以往任何时候都更为关键。但是,本研究侧重于小 和中型货运公司,因为它们代表了经合组织公司的70%至90% (经济合作与发展组织)国家。这些公司 用轻型货车运输货物,几乎没有任何车队管理模式来完成工作 更高效。大多数城市配送公司都使用GPS技术来跟踪货运, 但是这项技术也可以用来提高效率。本文旨在提供一个 适用于中小型公司的简单车队管理工具。为此,效率 已根据GPS数据定义了指示器所需的时间和距离 交付。事实证明,这种方法对数字之间的关系很敏感 交付量和平均停靠时间以及停靠点之间的平均距离。因此,通过 对两家公司(一家快递公司和一家食品分销商)进行比较分析,就有可能 确定哪个更有效,并概述与之直接相关的时间和距离参数 使他们能够提高生产率的每日交货数量。

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