Amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis is a severe complication of chronic inflammatory disorders. It is characterized by extracellular deposition of amyloid in various tissues and organs, possibly leading to organ failure [4]. The major component of amyloid represent the amyloid fibrils which are derived from the circulating precursor serum amyloid A (SAA) in AA-amyloidosis. While chronic infections including tuberculosis were the most frequent underlying diseases in former times, these are today rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), ankylosing spondyiitis, Crohn's disease or familial Mediterranean fever. The treatment of AA-amyloidosis is directed against the inflammatory stimulus, here against the underlying disease JRA. In JRA, amyloidosis develops when methotrexate and other second line drugs fail. In this case, chlorambucil has often been used [1,5].
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