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Death receptor-mediated programmed cell death in the liver

机译：死亡受体介导的肝脏中的编程细胞死亡

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During the past 30 years it has been increasingly recognized that programmed cell death, apoptosis, is an integral part of life. Apoptosis plays a role during development and organ shaping and is involved in many physiological processes. In addition, today it is clear that apoptosis is involved in the patho-genesis of many diseases; in fact there is hardly any disease in which apoptosis, either too much or too little, does not play a role. Among the different ways to die, apoptosis by activation of death factors expressed on the cell surface has gained much attention. Death factors are members of the tumour necrosis factors/nerve growth factors superfamily of receptors. In the liver the death receptors CD95, TNF-R1, TNF-R2, TGF-beta receptor and TRAIL R2, TRAIL R3, TRAIL R4 have been detected. These death receptors share certain similarities such as two to five copies of cysteine-rich extracellular repeats and an intracellular death domain which is important for transduction of the apoptotic signal.
机译：在过去的30年里，越来越认识到，程序性细胞死亡，细胞凋亡是生命中不可或缺的一部分。细胞凋亡在开发和器官塑造过程中发挥作用，并且参与了许多生理过程。此外，今天很明显，细胞凋亡涉及许多疾病的病原因;事实上，几乎没有任何疾病，其中细胞凋亡，要么过于多或太少，都不发挥作用。在不同的死亡方式中，通过在细胞表面上表达的死亡因子激活的细胞凋亡效率受到了很多关注。死亡因素是肿瘤坏死因子/神经生长因子超家族的成员。在肝脏死亡受体CD95，TNF-R1，TNF-R2，TGF-β受体和痕迹R2，迹线R3，迹线R4已经检测到。这些死亡受体共享某些相似之处，例如富含半胱氨酸的细胞内重复和细胞内死亡结构型，这对于转导凋亡信号是重要的。

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