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首页> 外文会议>NSFS conference >Analysis of chromosomal aberrations in cells exposed to ionizing radiation for the purpose of retrospective dose estimation and the assessment of DNA damage
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Analysis of chromosomal aberrations in cells exposed to ionizing radiation for the purpose of retrospective dose estimation and the assessment of DNA damage

机译：接受电离辐射细胞中染色体畸变的分析，用于回顾剂量估算和DNA损伤评估

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摘要

Although human cells possess efficient DNA repair mechanisms, some of the damage induced by ionizing radiation is misrepaired and leads to the formation of chromosomal abnormalities. These can be scored as chromosomal aberrations or micronuclei. Both forms of chromosomal damage are characterized by a defined dose-response relationship and a high stability of signal with time, provided that the exposed cells do not undergo postradiative division. These characteristics make chromosomal damage an ideal tool for the quantitative assessment of radiation damage, especially in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) that rarely undergo spontaneous cell division. The level of chromosomal damage in PBL is routinely used as a biological dosimeter following human in vivo exposure. An exciting field of application is medical exposure to radiation. One of us has, in the past, tested the applicability of biological dosimetry in radiotherapy of thyroid cancer with I-131, brachytherapy of restenosis with P-32 and teleradiotherapy of mammary carcinoma.
机译：虽然人体细胞具有有效的DNA修复机制，但是通过电离辐射引起的一些损伤是误导性的，并导致形成染色体异常。这些可以评分为染色体畸变或微核。两种形式的染色体损伤的特征在于具有限定的剂量 - 响应关系和具有时间的信号的高稳定性，只要暴露的细胞不接受软裂缝分裂。这些特性使染色体损伤是定量评估辐射损伤的理想工具，尤其是人外周血淋巴细胞（PBL）很少经过自发细胞分裂。 PBL中的染色体损伤水平常常用作人体内暴露后的生物剂量计。令人兴奋的应用领域是医疗暴露于辐射。过去，我们其中一人测试了生物剂量测定法在甲状腺癌的放射疗法中的适用性，I-131，乳腺癌的近距离放射治疗和乳腺癌静脉癌。

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