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A new processing method to reduce sodium in sausages without potassium chloride and phosphates

机译：一种新的加工方法，以减少氯化钾和磷酸盐的香肠中的钠

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High sodium intake can promote hypertension, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. As meat products typically contain high levels of sodium, reducing sodium concentrations is an important challenge. Chlorides such as potassium chloride (KCI) are commonly used instead of sodium chloride (NaCI), but these agents have an astringent flavor, while the phosphates added to sausage to give elasticity have been reported to promote osteoporosis. This study investigated methods of improving the physical properties and enhancing saltiness of reduced sodium sausages, without using KCI or phosphates. The addition of basic amino acid and the partial replacement of pork with chicken were performed in order to give an appropriate texture. Furthermore, granular gelatin and soy sauce were added to enhance the saltiness. To examine the effects of these changes on the physical properties and saltiness of reduced sodium sausages, shear force values were investigated, and scanning electron microscopy and sensory evaluation were performed. Physical and histological analysis suggested that the sausages had an appropriate texture and exhibited a dense microstructure similar to that in the positive control (2.0% NaCI). On sensory evaluation, subjects reported that the saltiness of reduced sodium sausage (1.0% NaCI) was equivalent to 1.4% NaCI, which matched the preference of the panelists. Based on these findings, sodium can apparently be reduced by almost half, while producing sausages with acceptable texture and saltiness.
机译：高钠摄入量可以促进高血压，这增加了心血管疾病的风险。由于肉类产品通常含有高水平的钠，还原钠浓度是一个重要的挑战。通常使用氯化钾（KCI）等氯化物代替氯化钠（NaCl），但这些试剂具有涩味，而添加到香肠以产生弹性的磷酸盐促进骨质疏松症。本研究研究了改善物理性质和增强钠香肠的咸味的方法，而不使用KCl或磷酸盐。进行碱性氨基酸和猪肉的部分替代，以提供适当的质地。此外，加入颗粒明胶和酱油以增强咸味。为了检查这些变化对减少钠香肠的物理性质和咸味的影响，研究了剪切力值，并进行扫描电子显微镜和感官评价。物理和组织学分析表明，香肠具有适当的质地，并表现出与阳性对照中的致密微观结构（2.0％NaCl）。在感官评估中，受试者报告称，还原钠香肠（1.0％NaCl）的咸味等同于1.4％NaCl，其匹配小组成员的偏好。基于这些发现，钠可以明显减少几乎一半，同时产生具有可接受的质地和咸味的香肠。

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