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首页> 外文会议>Congress of the International Society for Mushroom Science >The Development of a New Concept and System for Watering During Agaricus bisporus Cultivation
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The Development of a New Concept and System for Watering During Agaricus bisporus Cultivation

机译：姬松茸栽培中浇水新概念和系统的发展

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The casing soil serves as the water reservoir, for mycelium growth and fruit body development, during Agaricus bisporus cultivation. Fruit body development is accompanied with water content decrease in the casing soil and the compost. Therefore water is added to the casing by spraying systems, during the crop cycle. The main limitations of this technique is the fact that during fruit body " pin head" development, watering is stopped in order to avoid damage to the pins. Watering onto the developing fruit body enhances the occurrence of diseases, mainly bacterial blotch. At this time, casing and compost water content decreases to below optimal levels. In the present study,drip irrigation was developed,to replace water spraying. The drip irrigation enhanced water efficiency (the ratio between the amount of applied water to the amount absorbed by the casing and compost) by 20%. It was demonstrated that with drip irrigation, the thickness of the casing layer could ,be reduced. Decreasing casing soil thickness by 40% did not harm mushroom yield or quality. The use of drip irrigation enabled the addition of water to the casing soil during the entire cropping cycle and minimized the decrease in casing and compost moisture. By the use of drip irrigation the increase in relative humidity (RH) in the growing rooms after water application was minimized,thereby decreasing the energy needs for drying the room again. The ability to add water to the casing without wetting the mushrooms,decreased the incidence of bacterial blotch and enhanced quality. Enhanced mushroom quality,due to the use of drip instead of spray irrigation,was demonstrated mainly in the second and third flushes. It is estimated that with the use of drip irrigation,the value of reduced costs of casing and energy, plus increased income due to better mushroom quality, will be much higher than the cost of the additional equipment.
机译：在姬松茸的培养期间，套管土壤用于菌丝生长和果实身体的水库。果实发育伴随着套管土壤和堆肥的含水量下降。因此，在作物循环期间通过喷涂系统将水添加到壳体中。这种技术的主要局限性是果实“针头”发育过程中的事实，停止浇水以避免损坏引脚。浇水到显影果体上增强了疾病的发生，主要是细菌斑点。此时，壳体和堆肥含水量降低至低于最佳水平。在本研究中，开发了滴灌灌溉，以取代喷水。滴灌增强了水效率（施加水量与壳体堆积量与堆肥的量之间的比率）达20％。据证明，通过滴灌灌溉，可以减少壳体层的厚度。将套管厚度降低40％的壳体不会损伤蘑菇产量或质量。在整个种植循环期间，使用滴灌的灌溉使水加入到壳体土壤中，并最大限度地减少了壳体和堆肥湿度的降低。通过使用滴灌灌溉，水施加后生长室中的相对湿度（RH）的增加最小化，从而降低了再次干燥房间的能量需求。在不润湿蘑菇的情况下向外壳添加水的能力降低了细菌污染的发生率和增强的质量。增强的蘑菇质量，由于使用滴水而不是喷雾灌溉，主要在第二和第三次冲洗中展示。据估计，随着滴灌灌溉的使用，壳体和能量成本降低的价值以及由于更好的蘑菇质量而增加的收入，将远高于附加设备的成本。

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