ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY OF THE BRONZE-IRON AGE TRANSITION PERIOD OF EASTERN EUROPE

机译：东欧青铜铁时期转型期的环境研究

获取原文

页面导航

摘要
著录项
相似文献
相关主题

摘要

The migration of Scythians depended on climatic changes during the Bronze/Iron Age transition, which corresponds to Subboreal/Subatlantic climate periods. Data from oxbow lake sediments were used to distinguish climatic and environmental fluctuations. Climatic cooling started and humidity increased in the Late Subboreal. In the Bronze Age Subboreal draught farming spread and in the beginning of the Iron Age Subatlantic farming declined in East Europe. About 3500 years ago all the temperatures indices were about 1° higher and the precipitation was 50 mm more than nowadays. During the succeeding cooling at about 2500 years BP, the temperature was about 1° lower and the precipitation was a little greater in comparison with the modern indices. Precipitation decreased between the warming (3500 BP) and cooling (2500 BP). The biodiversity during the Bronze/Iron Age transition had an impact on the economy of Scythian cultures.

机译：妇女席士主义者的迁移取决于青铜/铁时期转型期间的气候变化，这对应于亚伯利/亚洲气候期间。来自牛津湖沉积物的数据用于区分气候和环境波动。气候冷却开始和湿度在后期的亚伯内增加。在青铜时代亚伯利牧草蔓延和在铁时代的开始，亚洲畜牧业在东欧下降。大约3500年前，所有温度指数均为较高约1°，沉淀比现在沉淀为50毫米。在2500年的后续冷却过程中，与现代指标相比，温度约为1°，沉淀有点大。沉淀在变暖（3500bp）和冷却（2500bp）之间降低。青铜/铁时代转型期间的生物多样性对斯科尼亚文化的经济产生了影响。

著录项

来源
《NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Impact of the Environment on Human Migration in Eurasia》|2004年||共12页
会议地点
作者
Algirdas Gaigalas;
展开▼
作者单位

展开▼
会议组织
原文格式 PDF
正文语种
中图分类 X22-53;
关键词
scythian; bronze-iron age; palaeoclimate; oxbow-lake sediments; eastern europe;

机译：Scythian;青铜器时代;古爱目型;Oxbow-湖沉积物;东欧;
入库时间 2022-08-20 20:55:56

相似文献

外文文献
中文文献
专利

1. The north-eastern aeolian 'European Sand Belt' as potential record of environmental changes: A case study from Eastern Latvia and Southern Estonia [J] . Kalinska-Nartisa Edyta, Thiel Christine, Nartiss Maris, Aeolian research . 2016,第Null期

机译：东北风沙“欧洲沙带”是环境变化的潜在记录：以拉脱维亚东部和爱沙尼亚南部为例
2. Transition and Sustainability: Empirical Analysis of Environmental Kuznets Curve for Water Pollution in 25 Countries in Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States [J] . Sandra O. Archibald, Zbigniew Bochniarz, Masahiko Gemma, European environment . 2009,第2期

机译：过渡与可持续性：中欧，东欧及独立国家联合体25个国家水污染环境库兹涅茨曲线的实证分析
3. The commons in transition: Agrarian and environmental change in Central and Eastern Europe [J] . Sikor T Environmental Management . 2004,第2期

机译：转型中的公地：中欧和东欧的农业和环境变化
4. ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY OF THE BRONZE-IRON AGE TRANSITION PERIOD OF EASTERN EUROPE [C] . Algirdas Gaigalas NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Impact of the Environment on Human Migration in Eurasia . 2004

机译：东欧青铜铁时期转型期的环境研究
5. Foreign direct investment and structural change as factors in transition: A study of Central and Eastern European countries. [D] . Yakova, Nevena. 2004

机译：外国直接投资和结构变化是转型的因素：对中欧和东欧国家的研究。
6. Genomewide evidence of environmentally mediated secondary contact of European green crab (Carcinus maenas) lineages in eastern North America [O] . Nicholas W. Jeffery, Ian R. Bradbury, Ryan R. E. Stanley, 2018

机译：全基因组证据表明北美东部欧洲青蟹（Carcinus maenas）血统世代环境接触
7. : "This paper deals with the functionality of the flaked stone assemblages from several Neolithic sites of the NE of the Iberian Peninsula. The chronological framework ranges from the mid-6th to the mid-4th millennium cal. BCE, which corresponds to the Early and Middle Neolithic. This long period ranges from the arrival of the first farming communities in the Iberian Peninsula, around 5600-5500 cal. BCE, to 3600-3500 cal. BCE, two millennia later, when Neolithic communities had stably occupied most of the available territory, from the mountainous areas of the Pyrenees to the coastal areas of the Mediterranean.In this context, the NE of the Iberian Peninsula is one of the areas where a major number of use-wear analyses have been carried out, especially for what concerns the Neolithic period. This is mainly due to the interest shown by the directors of the excavations and by the Spanish use-wear specialists as well; both participated and cooperated in order to enlarge the number of contexts studied, making the NE of the Iberian Peninsula one of the areas of Europe with the largest number of ‘functional studies’. As a result, today we have a reliable picture of the type of lithic tools used by the first farming groups, how they were used, and which needs they were satisfying.The methodology employed for this type of analysis is today broadly shared by most use-wear specialists. A stereoscopic microscope is used together with a reflected-light microscope for the analysis of the archaeological specimens. Afterwards, the observed use-wear traces are compared with the traces from experimental tools. This study primarily made use of the tools preserved at the ‘Traceoteque’ of the Institución Milà y Fontanals of the CSIC of Barcelona.This paper presents the results obtained for the different types of analysed sites and the relative lithic assemblages. In this way, tools from different contexts are compared: open-air sites, caves and rock-shelters, pit-sites, burials, and mining sites. Such a diversity of contexts allowed for the exploration of the existence of recurrences and differences in the functionality of the lithic tools from one site to another. The results obtained have also provided information on some aspects related to the economic processes carried out at the different sites, caves, rock-shelters and open-air contexts. It has been possible to gain fresh data on the types of tasks carried out and their relative importance for each site, their relation with the geographical and environmental context and the natural resources available there. In addition, analysing tools recovered from burials – mainly individual inhumations – provided information on the relationships between the buried individuals and the working tools, in particular exploring the relationships between sex and age patterns and the types of tools deposited as goods.In conclusion, use-wear analysis allowed for the exploration of a variety of issues; from technical aspects related to the production and management of the lithic resources to social aspects related to the subsistence activities and the individuals that carried them out." [O] . Gibaja Bao, Juan Francisco, Mazzucco, Niccolo 2015

机译：：“本文研究了伊比利亚半岛东北部几个新石器时代遗址的片状石材组合的功能。时间框架从公元前6世纪中叶到4世纪中叶，分别对应于早期和早期。新石器时代中期，这段时间的长短是从伊比利亚半岛的第一个农业社区到来，大约在公元前5600-5500 cal，到了两千年后的3600-3500 BCE，当时新石器时代的社区稳定地占据了大部分可用土地。从比利牛斯山脉山区到地中海沿岸地区。在这种情况下，伊比利亚半岛东北部是进行过大量使用磨损分析的地区之一，尤其是在关注方面新石器时代，这主要是由于发掘负责人和西班牙使用服装专家表现出的浓厚兴趣；他们参与和合作以扩大孔蒂的数量xts进行了研究，使伊比利亚半岛的NE成为“功能研究”数量最多的欧洲地区之一。结果，今天我们可以可靠地了解第一批耕作小组使用的石器工具的类型，使用方法以及它们满足的需求。今天，大多数使用方法广泛共享用于这种类型的分析的方法穿专家。立体显微镜与反射光显微镜一起用于分析考古样本。然后，将观察到的使用磨损痕迹与实验工具的痕迹进行比较。这项研究主要利用了巴塞罗那CSIC的米拉·丰塔纳尔研究所的“ Traceoteque”中保存的工具。本文介绍了针对不同类型的分析地点和相对石器组合所获得的结果。通过这种方式，可以比较来自不同环境的工具：露天场所，洞穴和岩石避难所，露天场所，埋葬场所和采矿场所。如此多样的上下文允许探索重复性的存在以及从一个站点到另一个站点的石器工具的功能差异。所获得的结果还提供了与在不同地点，洞穴，避难所和露天环境中进行的经济过程有关的某些方面的信息。可以获得有关所执行任务的类型及其对每个站点的相对重要性，它们与地理和环境环境以及那里可用自然资源的关系的新数据。此外，对从墓葬中回收的工具（主要是个人遗体）进行分析，可提供有关被掩埋的个体与工作工具之间关系的信息，尤其是探索性别与年龄模式之间的关系以及作为商品存放的工具的类型。磨损分析允许探索各种问题；从与石器资源的生产和管理有关的技术方面到与自给活动及其实施者有关的社会方面。”
8. Environment and Health in Eastern Europe. Proceedings of the Symposium on'Occupational and Environmental Health during Societal Transition in Eastern Europe', Pecs, Hungary, June 22-27, 1990 [R] . Levy, B. S., Levenstein, C., Vernekar, A. 1990

机译：东欧的环境与健康。 1990年6月22日至27日在匈牙利佩奇举行的“东欧社会转型期间职业与环境健康研讨会”会议记录

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY OF THE BRONZE-IRON AGE TRANSITION PERIOD OF EASTERN EUROPE

摘要

著录项

相似文献

相关主题

期刊订阅