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首页> 外文会议>CISM Course on Chemo-Mechanical Couplings in Porous Media Geomechanics and Biomechanics >Consolidation, Swelling and Swelling Pressure Induced by Exposure of Clay Soils to Fluids Different from the Pore Fluid
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Consolidation, Swelling and Swelling Pressure Induced by Exposure of Clay Soils to Fluids Different from the Pore Fluid

机译：通过将粘土土壤暴露于与孔隙流体不同的流体诱导的固结，肿胀和溶胀压力

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This paper reports experimental results relative to volume changes caused by exposure of clay soils to fluids different from the pore fluid. Furthermore it reports some results relative to the influence of pore fluid composition on the swelling pressure of an active smectitic clay. The experimentation on volume change behaviour was carried out on several clay soils with different grain size distribution and mineral composition. The results show that exposure of water saturated Ponza bentonite to NaCl, KC1 and Cada solutions causes consolidation. At high void ratio, pores and fissures form. On re-exposure to water, Na{sup}+ effects are reversible and the material swells noticeably. On the contrary, Ca{sup}(2+) and K+ make swelling potential decrease greatly because they substitute Na{sup}+ as counterions. Under low values of axial stress and high void ratio, potassium and calcium effects can be reverted by exposing the material to concentrated NaCl solutions. The effects of exposure to electrolytes of soils with a smectite content between 10 % and 30 % - such as Bisaccia, Gela and Marino clays - are lower than those on the Ponza bentonite, however they are noticeable. Furthermore, depending on axial stresses, type of solution and on types of exchangeable cations, swelling caused by subsequent exposure to distilled water can be lower or higher than previous consolidation. The commercial kaolin, the Potenza and the Villa d'Agri clays undergo small consolidation as an effect of exposure to the salt solution and further large consolidation because of subsequent exposure to water. The Milazzo clay undergoes swelling because of exposure to NaCl solution. The results relative to volume change can be interpreted qualitatively in terms of double layer processes, ion exchange and initial fabric. Results relative to swelling pressure show that Bolt's model interprets satisfactory the behaviour of the Bisaccia clay reconstituted with a concentrated salt solution and exposed to distilled water. As expected, the model interprets only qualitatively the behaviour of the material exposed to concentrated salt solutions.
机译：本文报告了相对于由粘土土壤暴露于与孔隙流体不同的流体引起的体积变化的实验结果。此外，它报告了一些结果相对于孔隙流体组合物对活性偏粘土溶胀压力的影响。在具有不同粒度分布和矿物组合物的几种粘土土壤上进行体积变化行为的实验。结果表明，水饱和Ponza膨润土暴露于NaCl，KC1和CADA溶液导致固结。在高空隙率，毛孔和裂缝形式。在再暴露于水中，Na {Sup} +效应是可逆的，并且材料明显膨胀。相反，CA {sup}（2+）和k +使膨胀电位大大降低，因为它们将Na {sup} +替换为抗衡离子。在轴向应力和高空隙率的低值下，通过将材料暴露于浓缩的NaCl溶液，可以回复钾和钙效果。暴露于土壤电解质的影响，蒙脱土含量为10％至30％ - 例如Bisaccia，Gela和Marino粘土，低于Ponza膨润土的粘土，但它们是明显的。此外，根据轴向应力，溶液类型和可交换阳离子的类型，随后暴露于蒸馏水引起的溶胀可以低于先前的固结。商业高岭土，Potenza和Villa D'Agri粘土将小固结作为暴露于盐溶液的效果，并且由于随后的水暴露而进一步大的整合。由于暴露于NaCl溶液，Milazzo Clay经历了肿胀。相对于体积变化的结果可以在双层工艺，离子交换和初始织物方面进行定性解释。结果相对于膨胀压力表明，螺栓的模型解释了令人满意的Bisaccia粘土与浓缩盐溶液重构并暴露于蒸馏水。如预期的那样，模型仅解释了暴露于浓缩盐溶液的材料的行为。

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