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Neuropathology and Toxicology of Gulf War Illness and Fatigue-related Disorders

机译:海湾战争疾病和疲劳相关疾病的神经病理学和毒理学

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Environmental exposure risk to different xenobiotics, which can alter the function of the endocrine system, remains a great threat to the health and safety of humans and aquatic species. Steroid hormones, Pharmaceuticals, and personal care products (PCPs) have become recognized as relevant aquatic contaminants due to their widespread occurrence in surface waters and endocrine disrupting properties (de Jesus Gaffney et al., 2015; Singh et al., 2010). Endocrine disruptor compounds (EDCs) are chemicals known to cause interferences in the reproduction system, developmental malformations, increased cancer risk, disturbances in the immune and nervous system at very low concentrations (Diamanti-Kandarakis et al. 2009). Recent studies have shown that the mechanisms by which EDCs act are much broader than originally recognized and may interfere with microbiome protection from gender-specific diseases and autoimmunity mechanisms (Baker, 2014). Other mechanisms of EDC action not completely understood include direct effects on genes and their epigenetic impact (Anway et al., 2008). In this study, we have analyzed selected wastewater tracers, recalcitrant Pharmaceuticals, PCPs and steroid hormones in coastal ecosystems in South Florida in order to assess the water quality and potential health impacts to the aquatic system and humans, including the microbiome. Caffeine, DEET and carbamazepine were frequently detected in the water samples, which is an indicative of wastewater intrusion sources impacting the surface water. Estrone, estriol, p-estradiol, 17a-ethynylestradiol and diclofenac levels detected in surface water raises concern of potential endocrine disruption effects in human and aquatic microbiomes. Further investigations are still ongoing to better understand the sources, pathways and exposure risks to these contaminants.
机译:对不同仇外化学的环境暴露风险,可以改变内分泌系统的功能,对人类和水生物种的健康和安全仍然存在巨大威胁。类固醇激素,药品和个人护理产品(PCP)已被认为是相关的水生污染物,因为它们在地表水域和内分泌扰乱特性(De Jesus Gaffney等,2015; Singh等,2010)。内分泌破坏剂化合物(EDC)是已知的化学物质,使得在生殖系统中引起干扰,发育畸形,癌症风险增加,免疫系统中的免疫系统中的干扰(Diamanti-Kandarakis等,2009)。最近的研究表明,EDCS行为的机制比最初公认的更广泛,并且可能干扰来自性别特异性疾病和自身免疫机制的微生物组保护(Baker,2014)。未完全理解的EDC动作的其他机制包括对基因的直接影响及其表观遗传影响(Anway等,2008)。在这项研究中,我们分析了南佛罗里达州沿海生态系统中的选定的废水示踪剂,顽固药物,PCP和类固醇激素,以评估水质和潜在的健康影响,包括微生物组。在水样中经常检测到咖啡因,DEET和CARBAMAZEPINE,这是一种撞击地表水的废水入侵源的指示。在地表水中检测到的Estrone,伊醇,磷酸二醇,17A-乙炔雌二醇和双氯芬酸水平引起人体和水生微生物体中的潜在内分泌破坏效应的关注。进一步的调查仍然持续,以更好地了解这些污染物的来源,途径和暴露风险。

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