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首页> 外文会议>International Commission on Continental Erosion Symposium;International Young Scientists Forum on Soil and Water Conservation >Suspended sediment yield and climate change in Kamchatka, Far East of Russia
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Suspended sediment yield and climate change in Kamchatka, Far East of Russia

机译：俄罗斯东部堪察加的悬浮沉积物产量和气候变化

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Key factors of sediment yield formation and variability in the Kamchatsky Krai are relief characteristics and climate (especially precipitation). The last research in climate change in Kamchatka demonstrates climate warming - mean annual air temperature has increased on 1.5°C during the period from 1951 to 2009 in average (the maximum increase was revealed in the west of Kamchatka and in the Kamchatka River valley, the minimum one - in the extreme south and north). Decrease of annual precipitation was observed at the same period. In addition frequency and intensity of precipitation is growing. Thereby described climate changes in Kamchatka influence on sediment yield characteristics directly (influence of precipitation on surface washout formation) and indirectly (through water runoff and hydrological regime of rivers changes). Analysis of spatio-temporal variability in suspended sediment yield demonstrated decrease since late 1970-early 1980 in the most part of rivers in the Kamchatsky Krai. Revealed fluctuations demonstrate very good coincidence with precipitation amount variability. Decrease of precipitation leads to corresponding diminution of rainfall erosive factor in the territory which is the key factor of suspended sediment yield formation and variability in rivers in the Kamchatsky Krai. The value of reduction varies from 1 % to 45 % and involves decrease of erosion rates in the territory. Thereby climate change influences on suspended sediment yield in multiple-valued way. Income of friable volcanic deposits on the catchment surface is the key factor of suspended sediment yield formation and variability in some river basins under the impact of volcanic eruptions, and in combination with raising precipitation it can lead to catastrophic increase of sediment yield.
机译：Kamchatsky Krai沉积物产量形成和变异性的关键因素是浮雕特征和气候（特别是降水）。 Kamchatka气候变化的最后一项研究表明了气候变暖 - 平均年度空气温度平均每年从1.5°C增加（堪察加西部和堪察加河谷西部最大增加）最小一 - 在极端南部和北部）。在同一时期观察到年降水量减少。此外，沉淀的频率和强度正在增长。由此，堪察加的气候变化直接影响沉积物产量特征（沉淀对表面冲洗形成的影响），间接（通过水径流和河流水文制度变化）。悬浮沉积物的时空变异性分析率自1970年代晚于1980年代初期，在Kamchatsky Krai的大部分河流中显示出降低。揭示的波动表现出非常良好的淬锌，降水量变异性。降水量减少导致该领土上的降雨腐蚀因素的相应减少，这是堪察帕特基克莱河流悬浮沉积物产量形成和变异性的关键因素。减少的价值从1％变化到45％，涉及境内侵蚀率的减少。因此，气候变化对多价沉积物产量的影响。易碎火山存放在集水表面上的收入是在火山喷发的影响下，一些河流盆地悬浮沉积物产量形成和变异的关键因素，并与提高降水相结合，导致沉积物产量的灾难性增加。

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