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首页> 外文会议>NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Methodologies in Evaluation of Socio-Economic and Environmental Consequences of Mining and Energy Production in the Arctic and Sub-Arctic; May 8-12, 2002; Apatity, Russia >TOURISM IMPACTS
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TOURISM IMPACTS

机译：旅游影响

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摘要

Tourism development commonly has been advocated as an alternative to traditional natural resource- based economic development, such as mining, agriculture and timber production. Demand for these new forms of tourism, such as community- based tourism, nature- based tourism, ecotourism, sustainable tourism, arises from increased concern and interest in unique and fragile ecosystems and a growing desire to travel to new and exotic places. Although numbers are still low compared to those in other tourist destinations, hundreds of thousands of tourists visit the Northern Circumpolar Regions every year. The first motivation of visiting the Arctic is still the wildness of the landscapes but the Region is also attractive because of the quite relatively unknown local people [Smith, 1989]. Tourism is a combination of travel and sightseeing as well as leisure and recreation and the environment is tourism's resource. Every survey of motivations of tourists includes on the list of reasons for visiting destination areas, factors such as sightseeing, natural and cultural heritage, landscape impressions. It is known that all tourism, whether of the mass packaged type or the supposedly more environmentally friendly ecotourism has an impact on landscape and culture. Tourism is dynamic, produce changes as well as responds to its [Butler 1991].
机译：通常提倡旅游业发展，以取代传统的基于自然资源的经济发展，例如采矿，农业和木材生产。对这些新型旅游业的需求，例如基于社区的旅游，基于自然的旅游，生态旅游，可持续旅游，是由于人们对独特而脆弱的生态系统的关注和兴趣日益浓厚，以及对前往新的异国情调的旅行的渴望与日俱增。尽管与其他旅游目的地相比，游客人数仍然很少，但每年有数十万游客前往北极地区。游览北极的第一个动机仍然是自然风光，但由于当地人相对鲜为人知，该地区也颇具吸引力[Smith，1989]。旅游业是旅行和观光以及休闲和娱乐的结合，而环境是旅游的资源。每次对游客动机的调查都包括访问目的地地区的原因，观光，自然和文化遗产，风景印象等因素。众所周知，所有旅游，无论是大宗包装旅游，还是所谓的更加环保的生态旅游，都会对景观和文化产生影响。旅游业是动态的，会产生变化并对其做出反应[Butler 1991]。

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