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Spatial frequency domain imaging for monitoring palpable breast lesions

机译：空间频域成像监测可触及的乳房病变

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We describe a novel approach for monitoring breast lesions, utilizing spatial frequency domain imaging, a diffuse optical imaging method to detect hemoglobin contrast, in combination with mechanical compression of the tissue. The project is motivated by the growing rate of unnecessary breast biopsies, caused by uncertainty in X-ray mammographic diagnoses. We believe there is a need for an alternate means of tracking the progression palpable lesions exhibiting probably benign features, that can be performed non-invasively and hence frequently: at home or in the clinic. The proposed approach capitalizes on two distinguishing properties of cancerous lesions, namely the relative stiffness with respect to surrounding tissue and the optical absorption due to the greater vascularization, hence hemoglobin concentration. The current research project is a pilot study to evaluate the principle on soft, breast tissue-mimicking phantoms containing stiffer, more highly-absorbing inclusions. Spatial frequency domain imaging was performed by projecting onto the phantom a series of wide-field patterns at multiple spatial frequencies. Image analysis then was performed to map absorption and scattering properties. The results of the study demonstrate that compression significantly increases the optical contrast observed for inclusions located 10 and 15 mm beneath the surface. In the latter case, the inclusion was not detectable without compression.
机译：我们描述了一种利用空间频域成像，一种弥散光学成像方法来检测血红蛋白对比，结合组织的机械压迫来监测乳腺病变的新方法。该项目是由X线乳房X光检查诊断的不确定性引起的不必要的乳房活检率上升所推动的。我们认为，需要一种替代的方法来追踪表现出可能良性特征的可触及病变的进展情况，这些病变可以在家里或在诊所中以非侵入性方式进行，因此可以频繁地进行。所提出的方法利用了癌性病变的两个区别特性，即相对于周围组织的相对刚度和由于更大的血管形成而导致的血红蛋白浓度引起的光吸收。当前的研究项目是一项试点研究，旨在评估包含较硬，吸收率更高的内含物的类似于乳房组织的柔软体模的原理。通过将在多个空间频率上的一系列宽视场图样投影到体模上来执行空间频域成像。然后进行图像分析以绘制吸收和散射特性。研究结果表明，压缩显着提高了位于表面以下10和15毫米处的夹杂物的光学对比度。在后一种情况下，没有压缩就无法检测到夹杂物。

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