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首页> 外文会议>Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2006; Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging; vol.7, no.9 >Early Detection of Dental Caries using Photoacoustics
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Early Detection of Dental Caries using Photoacoustics

机译：使用光声技术早期检测龋齿

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For decades, visual, tactile and radiographic examinations have been the standard for diagnosing caries. Nonetheless, the extent of variation in the diagnosis of dental caries is substantial among dental practitioners using these traditional techniques. Therefore, a more reliable standard for detecting incipient caries would be desirable. Using photoacoustics, near-infrared (NIR) optical contrast between sound and carious dental tissues can be relatively easily and accurately detected at ultrasound resolution. In this paper, a pulsed laser (Nd:YAG, Quanta-Ray) was used to probe extracted human molars at different disease stages determined from periapical radiographs. Both fundamental (1064nm) and first harmonic (532nm) pulses (15ns pulse length, 100mJ at fundamental and 9mJ at first harmonic , 10Hz pulse repetition rate) were used to illuminate the occlusal surface of tooth samples placed in a water tank. The photoacoustic signal was recorded with an unfocused wideband single-element piezoelectric transducer (centered at 12 MHz, bandwidth 15 MHz) positioned at small angle (less than 30 degrees) to the laser beam close to the occlusal surface. At the fundamental wavelength, total photoacoustic energy increases from normal to incipient stage disease by as much as a factor of 10. Differences between photoacoustic energy at the fundamental and first harmonic wavelength further indicate spectral absorption changes of the underlying structure with disease progression. Using a focused laser beam, an extracted molar with suspected incipient caries was scanned along the occulusal surface to help localize the caries inside enamel and dentin. The significantly increasing photoacoustic signal at a specific scan line both at fundamental and first harmonic indicates the local development of the incipient caries. The photoacoustic results compare well with visual inspection after layer by layer dissection. Preliminary results demonstrate the feasibility of detecting incipient occlusal and proximal caries. This technique may ultimately allow for continuous monitoring of caries before and during treatment.
机译：几十年来，视觉，触觉和射线照相检查一直是诊断龋齿的标准。尽管如此，在使用这些传统技术的牙科医生中，龋齿诊断的变化程度是很大的。因此，需要一种更可靠的检测龋齿的标准。使用光声技术，可以相对容易和准确地以超声分辨率检测声音和龋齿组织之间的近红外（NIR）光学对比度。在本文中，使用脉冲激光（Nd：YAG，Quanta-Ray）探测从根尖周放射照片确定的在不同疾病阶段提取的人类臼齿。基本脉冲（1064nm）和一次谐波（532nm）脉冲（15ns脉冲长度，基波100mJ，一次谐波9mJ，10Hz脉冲重复频率）均用于照亮放置在水箱中的牙齿样品的咬合面。用未聚焦的宽带单元件压电换能器（以12 MHz为中心，带宽为15 MHz）与靠近咬合面的激光束成小角度（小于30度）记录光声信号。在基本波长处，总的光声能量从正常疾病到初期阶段的疾病增加多达10倍。在基本和一次谐波波长处的光声能量之间的差异进一步表明，随着疾病的进展，基础结构的光谱吸收变化。使用聚焦的激光束，沿着眼颊面扫描提取出的带有可疑初期龋齿的磨牙，以帮助定位龋牙在牙釉质和牙本质中的位置。在特定的扫描线处，无论是基波还是一次谐波，光声信号的显着增加表明了龋齿的局部发展。逐层解剖后，光声结果与目测检查结果相当。初步结果证明了检测初期咬合和近端龋齿的可行性。该技术可以最终允许在治疗之前和期间连续监测龋齿。

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