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首页> 外文会议>Proceedings of the 18th congress of the International Society for Mushroom Science >Decomposition of Corn Stover by White-rot Fungi
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Decomposition of Corn Stover by White-rot Fungi

机译：白腐真菌对玉米秸秆的分解

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摘要

It is estimated that crops in China produce around 600-800 million tonnes of stalks after harvest annually. As a result, a large volume of agricultural wastes are produced. However, such left-over stalks can be a significant reusable resource (e. g. for mushroom cultivation) due to the presence of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in the stalk itself. Among all microorganisms in nature, fungi are efficient decomposers of lignin, and some are known to have the ability to decompose lignin selectively. The main objective of this study was to screen an optimal white-rot fungus strain with selective decomposition of lignin within corn stover. Through observation and testing of the changes of corn stover structures, compositions and enzyme activities of white-rot fungi, decomposition effects of Pleurotus ostreatus, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Spongipellis delectans, Bjerkandera adusta and Lenzites betulina were compared and evaluated. Through Scanning Electron Microscopy, it was observed that after decomposition by fungi, the stover cell walls were damaged by mycelia, and the intercellular structure became loosened. Mycelia penetrated damaged cell walls and pits on stover surface. Decomposition of lignin by P. ostreatus for 30d reached a rate of 69.5%, higher than the other tested fungi. However, decomposition of cellulose by P. ostreatus was very low. This shows that this particular fungus selectively decomposes lignin. The maximum laccase activity of P. ostreatus, obtained by liquid fermentation, was 20803 U/L. The results indicated that all the 5 fungi used in this experiment, P. ostreatus, P. cinnabarinus, L. betulina, B. adusta and S. delectans, had fairly good decomposition abilities against corn stovers, and P. ostreatus was the optimal species for degrading lignin.
机译：据估计，每年收成后，中国的农作物会产生约600-8亿吨的秸秆。结果，产生了大量的农业废物。然而，由于秸秆本身中存在木质素，纤维素和半纤维素，因此这种残留的秸秆可以是重要的可重复使用资源（例如，用于蘑菇栽培）。在自然界中的所有微生物中，真菌是木质素的有效分解剂，并且已知某些微生物具有选择性分解木质素的能力。这项研究的主要目的是通过玉米秸秆中木质素的选择性分解，筛选出最佳的白腐真菌菌株。通过观察和测试白腐真菌的玉米秸秆结构，组成和酶活性的变化，比较和评价了平菇，平菇，斜吻海绵，Bjerkandera adusta和Benzites betulina的分解效果。通过扫描电子显微镜观察到，真菌分解后，秸秆细胞壁被菌丝体破坏，细胞间结构松弛。菌丝体穿透了受损的细胞壁和秸秆表面的凹坑。平菇对木质素的降解30d达到69.5％，高于其他测试真菌。但是，平菇对纤维素的分解非常低。这表明该特定真菌选择性地分解木质素。通过液体发酵获得的P. ostreatus最大漆酶活性为20803 U / L。结果表明，该实验中使用的5种真菌，即P. ostreatus，P。cinnabarinus，L。betulina，B。adusta和S. delectans，对玉米秸秆均具有较好的分解能力，P。ostreatus是最佳菌种。用于降解木质素。

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  • 来源
  • 会议地点 Beijing(CN)
  • 作者

    Li Meng; Liang cheng Chen; Bo Zhang; Dan Li; Yu Li;

  • 作者单位

    Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;

    Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;

    Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;

    Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;

    Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;

  • 会议组织
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 菌类（食用菌）;
  • 关键词

    White-rot Fungi; Pleurotus ostreatus; Laccase; Decomposition; Lignin;

    机译：白腐真菌;平菇;漆酶;分解;木质素;

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