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首页> 外文会议>Saint Petersburg International Conference on Integrated Navigation Systems; 20040524-26; Saint Petersburg(RU) >LARGE RING LASER GYROS AS HIGH RESOLUTION SENSORS FOR APPLICATIONS IN GEOSCIENCE
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LARGE RING LASER GYROS AS HIGH RESOLUTION SENSORS FOR APPLICATIONS IN GEOSCIENCE

机译：大环激光陀螺仪作为高分辨率传感器在地球科学中的应用

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Very large ring lasers have been constructed to monitor small variations of Earth rotation. After more than a decade of research, rings with areas of up to 367 square meters are outperforming gyros for navigation by several orders of magnitude. As a consequence periodic geophysical signals with periods around one day and half a day have become visible in the time-series of ring laser observations. These signals are introduced by variations in the orientation of the ring laser plane and currently limit the uncorrected sensor resolution to 2x10~(-8) with respect to the Earth rotation rate. It is important to note that over the past 30 years the theoretical model of forced diurnal polar motion has been developed and is used to reduce these contributions from very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) measurements. There are still some uncertainties remaining, since the theoretical models use some simplifications to account for a deformable Earth. Large ring laser gyroscopes are sensitive to the instantaneous rotation axis of the Earth and provide a new and independent technology, which can measure the amplitudes and frequencies of the forced modes of Earth rotation directly and monitor polar motion to unprecedented high temporal resolution. This effectively provides a direct probe of the Earth's moment of inertia. Therefore we expect that future improvements in ring laser technology will lead to quantitative improvements in the nutation models themselves, and provide a new tool for studying aspects of the Earth's interior. The superior sensitivity of such instruments has also been found very useful in seismology, where the seismically induced rotation rate can be accurately measured by ring lasers only. The results obtained by large ring lasers are discussed in this paper.
机译：已经构造了非常大的环形激光器来监视地球自转的微小变化。经过十多年的研究，面积高达367平方米的环在导航方面比陀螺仪要好几个数量级。结果，在环形激光观测的时间序列中，可以看到周期约为一天半天的周期性地球物理信号。这些信号是通过环形激光平面方向的变化而引入的，并且目前相对于地球自转速率，将未经校正的传感器分辨率限制为2x10〜（-8）。重要的是要注意，在过去的30年中，强迫昼间极运动的理论模型已经开发出来，并用于减少很长的基线干涉测量（VLBI）测量带来的影响。由于理论模型使用了一些简化来说明可变形的地球，因此仍然存在一些不确定性。大环形激光陀螺仪对地球的瞬时旋转轴很敏感，并提供了一种新的独立技术，该技术可以直接测量地球自转强迫模式的幅度和频率，并以极高的时间分辨率监视极地运动。这有效地提供了对地球惯性矩的直接探测。因此，我们希望环形激光技术的未来改进将导致章动模型本身的定量改进，并为研究地球内部各个方面提供新的工具。还发现这种仪器的超高灵敏度在地震学中非常有用，在地震学中，地震感应的旋转速度只能通过环形激光器精确测量。本文讨论了通过大环形激光器获得的结果。

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