声明
Acknowledgements
Abstract
摘要
Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
Abbreviations
Chapter One Introduction
1．1 Research background
1．2 Aim and research questions
1．3 Overall structure of the thesis
Chapter Two Literature Review
2．1 The study of learner language
2．1．1 Interlanguage
2．1．2 Contrastive Interlanguage Analysis(CIA)
2．1．3 Features and characteristics of Interlanguage
2．2 The study of translational language
2．2．1 Some terminological issues
2．2．2 Translationese
2．2．3 Translation universals(TUs)
2．2．2 Contrastive Translation Analysis(CTA)
2．3 Mediation Universals Hypothesis
2．4 Modal verbs
2．4．1 Modal verbs in learner language
2．4．2 Modal verbs in translational language
Chapter Three Research Method
3．1 Modal verbs under investigation
3．2 Corpora used in the study
3．2．1 The use of modal verbs in learner language
3．2．2 The use of modal verbs in translational language
3．3 Software tools used in the study
3．3．1 WordSmith Tools 5．0
3．3．2 AntCone 3．2．4w
3．3．3 JCLAWS
3．3．4 Log-likelihood Ratio Calculator
3．4 Data processing procedures
3．4．1 Frequency
3．4．2 Collocations
Chapter Four Data Analysis and Discussion
4．1 The use of modal verbs in learner language
4．2 The use of modal verbs in translational language
4．3 A comparison of the use of modal verbs in learner and translational languages
4．3．1 Frequency
4．3．2 Collocations：case studies of should and might
Chapter Five Conclusion
5．1 Summary of the findings
5．2 Implications of the present study
5．3 Limitations and further studies
References
Appendix 1：CLAWS 5 tagset
Appendix 2：CLAWS 7 tagset
