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首页> 外文学位 >Chemical biodiversity and signaling: Detailed analysis of FMRFamide-like neuropeptides and other natural products by NMR and bioinformatics.
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Chemical biodiversity and signaling: Detailed analysis of FMRFamide-like neuropeptides and other natural products by NMR and bioinformatics.

机译：化学生物多样性和信号传导：通过NMR和生物信息学对FMRFamide类神经肽和其他天然产物进行详细分析。

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摘要

Natural products are simply the molecules produced by biological systems. My studies examined the structure, function, and chemical biodiversity of two types of natural products, FMRFamide-like neuropeptides and defensive dolichodial-like compounds from walkingstick insects (Order Phasmatodea).; FMRFamide-like neuropeptides (FLPs) make up one of the largest known neuropeptide families. The first member was identified in 1977 as a cardioactive component of extracts from clam. FLPs are characterized by an N- to C-terminal gradient of conservation, with subfamilies produced on the same gene having similar C-terminal sequences. The canonical C-terminal motif of FLPs is Arg-Phe-NH 2. They are involved in a wide variety of biological and behavior processes. They have been identified in humans and are particularly well represented in invertebrates.; First, my study examined evolutionary relationships among several FLP subfamilies in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Using bioinformatics tools and precursor protein sequence comparisons, I identified several important features of FLP neuropeptides and their precursor proteins and genes. Also, some subfamilies of FLP neuropeptides and their precursor proteins were categorized into groups based on a number of similar features.; Next, I examined the structure/function relationships for a particular subfamily of two FLPs (EMPGVLF-NHZ and DFDGAMPGVLRF-NHZ) from C. elegans of the FLP18 subfamily. These peptides have been demonstrated to regulate feeding behavior in C. elegans by activating the NPR-1 receptor. NMR pH titration experiments and chemical shift indexing were used to probe transient hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions between aspartate sidechains and amide protons. These results indicate that the longer of the two native C. elegans peptides possesses N-terminal structure, stabilized by a hydrogen bonding network, which reduces its potency on the NPR-1 receptor relative to the shorter peptide.; To examine non-polypeptide natural products, a novel microsample NMR probe was used to examine the chemical biodiversity of walkingstick insects. The results show the following: (1) Anisomorpha buprestoides produces two stereoisomers of dolichodial in its defensive spray, (2) Peruphasma schultei produces only a single isomer (Peruphasmal) of the same compound, and (3) defensive secretions of both species contain glucose (previously unreported from walkingstick insect defensive secretions). These findings would not have been possible using other NMR technologies.
机译：天然产物仅仅是生物系统产生的分子。我的研究检查了两种天然产物的结构，功能和化学生物多样性，即来自手杖昆虫的FMRFamide类神经肽和防御性线虫类化合物（Phasmatodea目）。 FMRFamide样神经肽（FLP）构成了最大的已知神经肽家族之一。第一位成员于1977年被鉴定为蛤lam提取物的心脏活性成分。 FLP的特征是保守性从N端到C端的梯度，在相同基因上产生的亚家族具有相似的C端序列。 FLP的典型C末端基序为Arg-Phe-NH2。它们参​​与多种生物学和行为过程。它们已经在人类中被鉴定出来，并且在无脊椎动物中表现得尤为明显。首先，我的研究检查了线虫秀丽隐杆线虫中几个FLP亚家族之间的进化关系。使用生物信息学工具和前体蛋白序列比较，我确定了FLP神经肽及其前体蛋白和基因的几个重要特征。同样，基于许多相似的特征，FLP神经肽的一些亚家族及其前体蛋白也被分为几类。接下来，我检查了来自FLP18亚家族的秀丽隐杆线虫的两个FLP（EMPGVLF-NHZ和DFDGAMPGVLRF-NHZ）的特定亚家族的结构/功能关系。这些肽已被证明可通过激活NPR-1受体来调节秀丽隐杆线虫的进食行为。 NMR pH滴定实验和化学位移指数被用来探测瞬态氢键和天冬氨酸侧链与酰胺质子之间的静电相互作用。这些结果表明，两种天然秀丽隐杆线虫肽中较长的具有N端结构，并通过氢键网络稳定，这相对于较短的肽降低了其对NPR-1受体的效力。为了检查非多肽天然产物，一种新型的微量样品NMR探针用于检查手杖昆虫的化学生物多样性。结果表明：（1）丁香异头孢子虫在其防御喷雾中产生两种线粒体立体异构体；（2）舒氏酵母仅产生同一化合物的单一异构体（Peruphasmal），并且（3）两种物质的防御分泌物均含有葡萄糖（以前未从手杖昆虫防御分泌物中报道过）。使用其他NMR技术不可能获得这些发现。

著录项

  • 作者

    Dossey, Aaron Todd.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Florida.;

  • 授予单位 University of Florida.;
  • 学科 Biology Entomology.; Chemistry Biochemistry.; Chemistry Organic.; Biology Bioinformatics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 227 p.
  • 总页数 227
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 昆虫学;生物化学;有机化学;
  • 关键词

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