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首页> 外文学位 >Maternal employment type, maternal care and child health in rural China: Policy and behavior.
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Maternal employment type, maternal care and child health in rural China: Policy and behavior.

机译：中国农村的孕产妇就业类型，孕产妇保健和儿童健康：政策和行为。

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摘要

How a mother's labor market activities and child care arrangement affect children's health is an especially important subject for China. From the perspective of a rural woman's two-fold identity in the family as an income earner and childcare giver, the effect of the change in her work patterns and child care supply behaviors on child development has added an element of uncertainty. In rural areas, we are not sure which is more important in determining child health, family income and social status or maternal child care or unobserved heterogeneities such as culture, eating habits and other preferences of living. Driven to answer this question, we have studied the labor supply patterns of women who are engaged in various working sectors in rural areas of China where the rural population primarily relies on non-medical choices to improve their health. We discuss women's participation in labor and its long-term effect on children's health outcomes.;Using the China Health and Nutritional Survey, we developed a dynamic model of rural women's agricultural, nonagricultural, and migratory labor supply behavior and their associated decisions related to child care arrangement. The Discrete Factor Random Effects has enabled us to perform a joint estimation of the dynamic effects of maternal employment types and associated maternal care decisions of rural women on the demand for nutritional inputs for children and child health production. Implications of policies about labor migration, food subsidy, child care subsidy and health care reform are reflected in these effects.;We find that labor-intensive nonagricultural and migratory employment lead to a decrease in overall child health relative to home production. However, subsidies to reduce food price and medical care cost will decrease the odds of maternal nonagricultural work and increase mothers' willingness to spend more time in childcare, and rural children's health will be consequently improved. In addition, small wage increases in the nonagricultural sector will actually worsen child health conditions as the income effect reinforces the substitution effect. Overall, In order to effectively improve the child health in rural areas, maternal employment and childcare decisions should be considered carefully when formulating public policies.
机译：母亲的劳动力市场活动和育儿安排如何影响孩子的健康，这对中国来说尤其重要。从农村妇女在家庭中作为收入来源和育儿提供者的双重身份的角度来看，其工作方式和育儿供应行为的变化对儿童发展的影响增加了不确定性。在农村地区，我们不确定哪个在确定儿童健康，家庭收入和社会地位或孕产妇育儿或未观察到的异质性（如文化，饮食习惯和其他生活偏好）方面更重要。为了回答这个问题，我们研究了中国农村地区从事各种工作的妇女的劳动力供应模式，农村人口主要依靠非医疗选择来改善其健康状况。我们讨论了妇女参与劳动及其对儿童健康状况的长期影响。；通过《中国健康与营养调查》，我们建立了农村妇女的农业，非农业和移民劳动力供应行为的动态模型，以及与儿童有关的相关决定。护理安排。离散因子随机效应使我们能够对母亲就业类型和农村妇女对儿童的营养投入和儿童健康生产需求的相关母亲护理决策的动态影响进行联合估计。这些影响反映了有关劳务移民，食品补贴，儿童保育补贴和医疗保健改革的政策含义。；我们发现劳动密集型的非农业和移民就业导致相对于家庭生产的总体儿童健康下降。但是，降低食品价格和医疗费用的补贴将减少产妇从事非农业工作的几率，并增加母亲愿意花更多时间从事育儿工作的意愿，从而改善农村儿童的健康状况。此外，由于收入效应加剧了替代效应，非农业部门的小幅工资上涨实际上将使儿童健康状况恶化。总体而言，为了有效改善农村地区的儿童健康，在制定公共政策时应仔细考虑孕产妇的就业和育儿的决定。

著录项

  • 作者

    Yao, Jianfeng.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;

  • 授予单位 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Health Care Management.;Economics Labor.;Health Sciences Recreation.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 99 p.
  • 总页数 99
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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